Ducatez M F, Webster R G, Webby R J
Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 332 N. Lauderdale, Memphis, TN 38105, USA.
Vaccine. 2008 Sep 12;26 Suppl 4(Suppl 4):D67-9. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2008.07.064.
Influenza A viruses exist within their natural host, aquatic birds, in a number of antigenic subtypes. Only a few of these subtypes have successfully crossed into other avian and mammalian hosts. This brief review will focus on just three examples of viruses that have successfully passed between species; avian H5NI1 and H9N2 viruses and H3N2 viruses which have transmitted from aquatic birds to humans and then to swine. Although there are a number of other subtypes that have also transmitted successfully between species, these three selected examples have spread and evolved in different ways, exemplifying the complexity of influenza A virus epidemiology.
甲型流感病毒以多种抗原亚型存在于其自然宿主水禽体内。其中只有少数亚型成功跨越到其他禽类和哺乳动物宿主中。本简要综述将聚焦于三种成功在物种间传播的病毒实例；禽H5N1和H9N2病毒以及从水禽传播给人类然后再传播给猪的H3N2病毒。尽管还有许多其他亚型也在物种间成功传播，但这三个选定的实例以不同方式传播和进化，体现了甲型流感病毒流行病学的复杂性。
