Meiswinkel R
Veterinary Research Institute, Onderstepoort.
Onderstepoort J Vet Res. 1991 Sep;58(3):155-70.
Culicoides (Avaritia) miombo sp. nov. is described and illustrated from both sexes collected in northern Malawi. Two references in the literature have previously referred to this new species as either C. brosseti Vattier & Adam or C. imicola Kieffer. A further 4 references are discussed that most likely deal with C. miombo sp. nov. and not C. brosseti. C. miombo sp. nov. is apparently widespread in subtropical and tropical Africa and is now recorded from Zimbabwe, Botswana, South Africa, Nigeria and the Ivory Coast. There are also probable records from Angola, Burkina Faso, Zambia and eastern Madagascar. On the African mainland, both north and south of the equator, the pattern of distribution of C. miombo sp. nov. correlates strongly with that of drier Guineo-Congolian rainforest, and Sudanian and Zambezian woodlands, the latter known as miombo in southern Africa. These phytochoria and associated biota are sensitive to frost and experience relatively high temperatures and rainfall-3 factors that appear to limit the distribution of C. miombo sp. nov. to north of the 20-22 degrees C mean annual temperature isotherms in southern Africa. The new species is a member of the Imicola group which consists of 6 species confined to the Afrotropical (including Madagascar), Oriental and eastern Palaearctic regions. One species has in historic times spread to Australia. The worldwide distribution of each species is briefly discussed. It is suggested that the Imicola and Orientalis groups are separate lineages within the subgenus Avaritia. Culicoides miombo sp. nov. is compared with its closest African congeners C. imicola, C. pseudopallidipennis Clastrier and C. bolitinos Meiswinkel; 15 character states are used to separate C. miombo sp. nov. and C. imicola. The female antennal and palpal measurements of C. miombo sp. nov. are subjected to statistical analysis to highlight their taxonomic usefulness. The larval habitat of C. miombo sp. nov. is unknown.
本文描述并展示了采自马拉维北部的雌雄两性的新物种库蠓（Avaritia）miombo。文献中有两处曾将这个新物种误称为布氏库蠓（C. brosseti Vattier & Adam）或尖喙库蠓（C. imicola Kieffer）。本文还讨论了另外4处文献记录，它们很可能涉及的是新物种miombo库蠓，而非布氏库蠓。新物种miombo库蠓显然广泛分布于亚热带和热带非洲地区，目前已在津巴布韦、博茨瓦纳、南非、尼日利亚和科特迪瓦被记录到。在安哥拉、布基纳法索、赞比亚和马达加斯加东部也可能有其分布记录。在非洲大陆赤道南北两侧，miombo库蠓的分布模式与较为干燥的几内亚 - 刚果雨林、苏丹和赞比西亚林地密切相关，赞比西亚林地在南部非洲被称为miombo。这些植物群落和相关生物群对霜冻敏感，且经历相对较高的温度和降雨，这三个因素似乎将miombo库蠓的分布限制在南部非洲年平均温度20 - 22摄氏度等温线以北。新物种是Imicola组的成员，该组由6个局限于非洲热带（包括马达加斯加）、东洋区和东古北区的物种组成。历史上有一个物种扩散到了澳大利亚。本文简要讨论了每个物种在全球的分布情况。研究表明，Imicola组和Orientalis组是Avaritia亚属内的不同谱系。将新物种miombo库蠓与其最接近的非洲同类物种尖喙库蠓、伪苍白库蠓（C. pseudopallidipennis Clastrier）和玻利蒂诺斯库蠓（C. bolitinos Meiswinkel）进行了比较；使用15个性状特征来区分miombo库蠓和尖喙库蠓。对miombo库蠓雌性触角和触须的测量数据进行了统计分析，以突出其在分类学上的用途。miombo库蠓的幼虫栖息地尚不清楚。
