Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, People's Republic of China.
Appl Biochem Biotechnol. 2009 Dec;159(3):750-8. doi: 10.1007/s12010-009-8555-6. Epub 2009 Feb 24.
White spot syndrome virus (WSSV) is a major cause of mortality in shrimp lacking a true adaptive immune response. In this study, high activity egg yolk immunoglobulin (IgY) against WSSV for passive immunization of crustaceans was already prepared as crude and purified product, while an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay test was used for quality control of IgY activity. The effectiveness of IgY of intramuscular injection, oral administration, and immersion was investigated in crayfish (Procambius clarkiaii) against WSSV. The result showed that the groups treated with IgY from inactivated WSSV and DNA vaccine were, respectively, 20% and 80% mortality, which were significant difference in survival rates (P < 0.05) from the positive control groups. The groups in diet added 10% egg yolk powder and 1% IgY power showed 53.3% and 67.7% mortality, respectively, and the immersion showed 46.7% mortality, which have significantly different compared to the positive groups (P < 0.05). These results indicated passive immunization of specific IgY antibodies through intramuscular injection, oral administration, and immersion have effective to protect crayfish against WSSV. It is noteworthy that IgY as feed additive and immersion solution is useful and feasible methods in practical work. Thus, our results suggest that the passive immunization of crayfish with IgY against WSSV will have potential development to prevent and control WSSV in practical culture.
白斑综合征病毒（WSSV）是缺乏真正适应性免疫反应的虾类死亡的主要原因。在这项研究中，已经制备了针对 WSSV 的高活性卵黄免疫球蛋白（IgY）作为被动免疫的粗提和纯化产物，同时使用间接酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）测试来控制 IgY 活性。研究了肌内注射、口服和浸泡对克氏原螯虾（Procambius clarkiaii）的 IgY 对 WSSV 的有效性。结果表明，用灭活的 WSSV 和 DNA 疫苗处理的 IgY 组的死亡率分别为 20%和 80%，与阳性对照组相比，存活率有显著差异（P < 0.05）。在饮食中添加 10%卵黄粉和 1%IgY 粉的组分别有 53.3%和 67.7%的死亡率，浸泡组有 46.7%的死亡率，与阳性组相比有显著差异（P < 0.05）。这些结果表明，通过肌内注射、口服和浸泡进行特异性 IgY 抗体的被动免疫，可有效保护克氏原螯虾免受 WSSV 的侵害。值得注意的是，IgY 作为饲料添加剂和浸泡液在实际工作中是有用且可行的方法。因此，我们的研究结果表明，对克氏原螯虾进行 IgY 被动免疫以预防和控制 WSSV 在实际养殖中具有潜在的发展前景。
