纹状体多巴胺对人类鼻腔内自我给药可卡因的反应。
Striatal dopamine responses to intranasal cocaine self-administration in humans.
作者信息
Cox Sylvia M L, Benkelfat Chawki, Dagher Alain, Delaney J Scott, Durand France, McKenzie Samuel A, Kolivakis Theodore, Casey Kevin F, Leyton Marco
机构信息
Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montréal, Québec H3A 1A1, Canada.
出版信息
Biol Psychiatry. 2009 May 15;65(10):846-50. doi: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2009.01.021. Epub 2009 Feb 27.
BACKGROUND
The effect of self-administered cocaine on extracellular dopamine (DA) levels has not been measured in humans.
METHODS
Ten nondependent cocaine users underwent positron emission tomography [11C]raclopride scans following intranasal self-administration of cocaine hydrochloride (1.0 mg/kg) and placebo powder.
RESULTS
Compared with placebo, intranasal cocaine self-administration decreased [11C]raclopride binding values in the ventral limbic striatum and putamen. Individual differences in the magnitude of the [11C]raclopride response in the ventral striatum were predicted by lifetime histories of stimulant drug use.
CONCLUSIONS
The results suggest that 1) intranasal cocaine self-administration increases synaptic DA levels in human striatum and 2) prior use of stimulant drugs on the street is associated with progressively greater cocaine-induced DA responses. These dopaminergic effects might influence susceptibility to drug-seeking behavior and the progression to substance abuse.
背景
自行服用可卡因对人体细胞外多巴胺（DA）水平的影响尚未得到测量。
方法
10名非依赖性可卡因使用者在经鼻自行服用盐酸可卡因（1.0毫克/千克）和安慰剂粉末后接受了正电子发射断层扫描[11C]雷氯必利扫描。
结果
与安慰剂相比，经鼻自行服用可卡因降低了腹侧边缘纹状体和壳核中的[11C]雷氯必利结合值。腹侧纹状体中[11C]雷氯必利反应幅度的个体差异可通过兴奋剂药物使用的终生史来预测。
结论
结果表明，1）经鼻自行服用可卡因会增加人体纹状体中的突触DA水平，2）此前在街头使用兴奋剂药物与可卡因诱导的DA反应逐渐增强有关。这些多巴胺能效应可能会影响对觅药行为的易感性以及向药物滥用的发展。
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