Fagan Pebbles, Brook Judith S, Rubenstone Elizabeth, Zhang Chenshu, Brook David W
Behavioral Research Program, Division of Cancer Control and Populations Sciences, National Cancer Institute/NIH, 6130 Executive Boulevard, Bethesda, MD 20892-7337, USA.
Nicotine Tob Res. 2009 Feb;11(2):139-47. doi: 10.1093/ntr/ntp009. Epub 2009 Feb 27.
Studies have consistently documented the importance of examining light smoking among African American and Latino adolescent and adult smokers. Little is known, however, about the psychosocial antecedents of adolescent and young adult light smoking in these racial/ethnic minority groups.
This study examined the longitudinal interrelationships and pathways leading to light smoking among African Americans (n = 288) and Puerto Ricans (n = 262). Specifically, we assessed parental factors, perceived discrimination, peer smoking, personality factors, and light smoking in late adolescence as precursors to light smoking among African American and Puerto Rican young adults.
The results of structural equation modeling showed that a history of greater parental smoking, less parental educational attainment, and more perceived discrimination were each mediated by peer smoking and the youth's maladaptive personality and behavior in late adolescence. The youth's maladaptive personality and behavioral characteristics and light smoking in late adolescence, in turn, predicted light smoking in young adulthood. There were no significant racial/ethnic or gender differences in the pathways to light smoking.
Findings highlight the longitudinal pathways to light smoking among African Americans and Puerto Ricans. The results suggest that effective prevention and cessation programs must address peer and parental social influences, perceived discrimination, and especially, emotional and behavioral problems in late adolescence to reduce light smoking among late adolescents and young adults in these racial/ethnic groups.
研究一直证明了在非裔美国人和拉丁裔青少年及成年吸烟者中研究轻度吸烟的重要性。然而，对于这些少数种族/族裔群体中青少年和青年轻度吸烟的心理社会前因知之甚少。
本研究调查了非裔美国人（n = 288）和波多黎各人（n = 262）中导致轻度吸烟的纵向相互关系和途径。具体而言，我们评估了父母因素、感知到的歧视、同伴吸烟、人格因素以及青春期后期的轻度吸烟情况，将其作为非裔美国人和波多黎各青年成人轻度吸烟的先兆。
结构方程模型的结果表明，父母吸烟史较长、父母受教育程度较低以及更多感知到的歧视，均通过同伴吸烟以及青少年在青春期后期的适应不良人格和行为起中介作用。青少年在青春期后期的适应不良人格和行为特征以及轻度吸烟，反过来又预测了青年成人期的轻度吸烟。在导致轻度吸烟的途径上，不存在显著的种族/族裔或性别差异。
研究结果突出了非裔美国人和波多黎各人中轻度吸烟的纵向途径。结果表明，有效的预防和戒烟项目必须解决同伴和父母的社会影响、感知到的歧视，尤其是青春期后期的情绪和行为问题，以减少这些种族/族裔群体中青少年后期和青年成人的轻度吸烟情况。
