New England College, Department of Psychology, 98 Bridge Street, Henniker, NH 03242, USA.
J Interpers Violence. 2009 Oct;24(10):1696-713. doi: 10.1177/0886260509331514. Epub 2009 Feb 27.
Most domestic violence (DV) researchers examine professional intervention (e.g., police and nurses), but informal helpers (e.g., friends and bystanders) are critical. The authors measure undergraduates' intervention likelihood, type of involvement (i.e., contact with abuser), and the influence of attribution decisions in DV situations where the abuser's sex is manipulated. Self-esteem and other personal variables are not found to be influential, but participants intervene more when the abuser is male and if they have experienced childhood abuse. The influence of attributions in DV situations is influenced by the sex of the attacker and severity of the attack. Participants' attributions for male attackers predict intervention in severe cases of DV; attributions of drunkenness predict more intervention. In general, informal male helpers choose more risky types of intervention than female helpers do, and more aggressive individuals choose less helpful behaviors than those lower in aggression. Stigma reduction associated with DV and intervention, especially among male victims, and the importance of encouraging appropriate involvement among helpers are discussed.
大多数家庭暴力（DV）研究人员研究专业干预（如警察和护士），但非正式帮助者（如朋友和旁观者）也很关键。作者衡量了大学生的干预可能性、参与类型（即与施虐者的接触），以及在施虐者性别被操纵的 DV 情况下归因决策的影响。研究发现，自尊和其他个人变量没有影响，但当施虐者是男性且参与者有过童年虐待经历时，他们的干预会更多。DV 情况下归因的影响受攻击者的性别和攻击的严重程度的影响。参与者对男性攻击者的归因预测了严重的 DV 情况下的干预；归因于醉酒预测了更多的干预。一般来说，非正式的男性帮助者比女性帮助者选择更具风险的干预类型，攻击性较低的个体比攻击性较高的个体选择帮助性较小的行为。讨论了与 DV 和干预相关的耻辱感降低，特别是在男性受害者中，以及鼓励帮助者适当参与的重要性。
