瑞典职业女性群体中与工作相关压力的患病率及其与自我感知健康和病假的关联。
The prevalence of work-related stress, and its association with self-perceived health and sick-leave, in a population of employed Swedish women.
作者信息
Holmgren Kristina, Dahlin-Ivanoff Synneve, Björkelund Cecilia, Hensing Gunnel
机构信息
Department of Clinical Neuroscience and Rehabilitation/Occupational Therapy, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden.
出版信息
BMC Public Health. 2009 Mar 2;9:73. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-9-73.
BACKGROUND
Women report more occupational ill-health and are more sick-listed than men. Exploration of women's working conditions would therefore seem to be valuable. In this study we investigated the prevalence of work-related stress and its association with self-perceived health and sick-leave in a population of employed, working Swedish women.
METHODS
This cross-sectional population study comprised 424 employed, working women who answered questionnaires on work-related stress, self-perceived health and sick-leave. The odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated in order to analyse the association between the exposure variables of work-related stress and outcome variables of ill-health symptoms, self-rated health and sick-leave.
RESULTS
Ten percent of the group reported high perceived stress owing to indistinct organisation and conflicts, and 25% high perceived stress owing to individual demands and commitment. Twenty-two percent reported low influence at work and 33% reported work interference with leisure time. All categories of overall work-related stress were significantly associated with increased odds of high level of illness symptoms, with the highest OR for high perceived stress owing to indistinct organisation and conflicts and high perceived stress owing to individual demands and commitment with an OR of 3.17 (CI = 1.51-6.62) and 4.53 (CI = 2.71-7.56) respectively. High perceived stress owing to indistinct organisation and conflicts and low influence at work were significantly associated with sick-leave with an OR of 3.85 (CI = 1.59-9.30) and 2.54 (CI = 1.17-5.48) respectively.
CONCLUSION
This study showed an association between, on the one hand, work-related stress, and on the other hand, illness symptoms and sick-leave. Distinguishing between the occurrence of negative work characteristics, and the immediate perception of stress because of these, resulted in a broad view of women's working conditions and expanded knowledge of work-related stress in women.
背景
女性报告的职业健康问题比男性更多，病假记录也更多。因此，对女性工作条件的探索似乎很有价值。在本研究中，我们调查了瑞典在职职业女性群体中与工作相关的压力患病率及其与自我感知健康和病假的关联。
方法
这项横断面人群研究包括424名在职职业女性，她们回答了有关与工作相关的压力、自我感知健康和病假的问卷。计算了95%置信区间（CI）的优势比（OR），以分析与工作相关压力的暴露变量和健康症状不良、自我评定健康和病假的结果变量之间的关联。
结果
该组中有10%的人报告由于组织不明确和冲突而感受到高压力，25%的人报告由于个人需求和职责而感受到高压力。22%的人报告工作影响力低，33%的人报告工作干扰休闲时间。所有总体与工作相关压力类别均与高水平疾病症状的增加几率显著相关，因组织不明确和冲突导致的高感知压力以及因个人需求和职责导致的高感知压力的最高OR分别为3.17（CI = 1.51 - 6.62）和4.53（CI = 2.71 - 7.56）。因组织不明确和冲突导致的高感知压力以及工作影响力低与病假显著相关，OR分别为3.85（CI = 1.59 - 9.30）和2.54（CI = 1.17 - 5.48）。
结论
本研究表明，一方面与工作相关的压力，另一方面与疾病症状和病假之间存在关联。区分负面工作特征的发生以及由此产生的压力的直接感知，从而对女性的工作条件有了更广泛的认识，并扩展了对女性与工作相关压力的了解。
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