Björkelund Cecilia, Andersson-Hange Dominique, Andersson Kate, Bengtsson Calle, Blomstrand Ann, Bondyr-Carlsson Dorota, Eiben Gabriele, Rödström Kerstin, Sjöberg Agneta, Sundh Valter, Weman Lilian, Zylberstein Dimitri, Hakeberg Magnus, Lissner Lauren
Department of Public Health and Community Medicine/Primary Health Care, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
Scand J Prim Health Care. 2008;26(3):140-6. doi: 10.1080/02813430802088403.
To study secular trends in cardiovascular risk factors in four different cohorts of women examined in 1968-1969, 1980-1981, 1992-1993 and 2004-2005.
Comparison of four representative cohorts of 38- and 50-year-old women over a period of 36 years.
Gothenburg, Sweden with approximately 450,000 inhabitants.
Four representative samples of 38- and 50-year-old women were invited to free health examinations (participation rate 59-90%, n =1901).
Body mass index (BMI), systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP, DBP), leisure time exercise, use of antihypertensive medication, smoking, levels of haemoglobin, b-glucose, s-cholesterol, s-triglycerides and HDL-cholesterol.
There was no significant difference in mean BMI from 1968-1969 versus 2004-2005. Mean leisure time exercise was significantly higher in later born cohorts; in 1968, around 15% were physically active compared with 40% in 2004. SBP and DBP, mean s-cholesterol and s-triglyceride levels were significantly lower in both 38- and 50-year-old cohorts in 2004-2005 versus 1968-1969. HDL-cholesterol (not measured until 1992-1993), showed a significantly higher mean level in 2004-2005. Reduction of risk factors was apparent in women with a high as well as low level of physical activity. Smoking declined most in women with high levels of physical activity.
Several cardiovascular risk factors related to lifestyle have improved in middle-aged women from the 1960s until today. Most of the positive trends are observed in women with both low and high physical activity.
研究1968 - 1969年、1980 - 1981年、1992 - 1993年和2004 - 2005年接受检查的四个不同女性队列中心血管危险因素的长期趋势。
对38岁和50岁女性的四个代表性队列进行为期36年的比较。
瑞典哥德堡，约有45万居民。
邀请了38岁和50岁女性的四个代表性样本进行免费健康检查（参与率59 - 90%，n = 1901）。
体重指数（BMI）、收缩压和舒张压（SBP、DBP）、休闲时间运动情况、抗高血压药物使用情况、吸烟情况、血红蛋白、β-葡萄糖、总胆固醇、总甘油三酯和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平。
1968 - 1969年与2004 - 2005年的平均BMI无显著差异。后出生队列的平均休闲时间运动显著更高；1968年，约15%的人身体活跃，而2004年为40%。与1968 - 1969年相比，2004 - 2005年38岁和50岁队列的SBP和DBP、平均总胆固醇和总甘油三酯水平均显著降低。高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（1992 - 1993年才开始测量）在2004 - 2005年的平均水平显著更高。无论身体活动水平高低，女性的危险因素均有明显降低。身体活动水平高的女性吸烟率下降最多。
从20世纪60年代至今，中年女性中一些与生活方式相关的心血管危险因素有所改善。大多数积极趋势在身体活动水平低和高的女性中均有体现。
