Akhavan Asghar, Ajalloueyan Mohammad, Ghanei Mostafa, Moharamzad Yashar
Baqiyatallah Medical Sciences University, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran.
Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2009 Feb;47(2):142-4. doi: 10.1080/15563650701613753.
Sulfur mustard is an alkylating warfare agent and its inhalation results in early and late toxic effects. This agent was used widely against both military and civilian population by Iraqi forces in the Iran-Iraq war (1983-88). The purpose of the study was to describe abnormal laryngeal findings in a group of chemical war injury patients (soldiers) 20 years after an acute exposure to sulfur mustard.
In this observational case series study, 50 male patients who were suffering from chronic respiratory symptoms and because of exacerbation of these problems, were consecutively selected and clinically examined for dysphonia by a speech-language pathologist, and then underwent fiberoptic laryngobronchoscopy to describe anatomical and functional pathologic findings of the larynx.
In objective speech evaluation, different degrees of dysphonia including harshness and hoarseness were observed in 46% of patients. Inflammation was present in supraglottic and subglottic regions of 9 (18%) and 3 (6%) patients, respectively. Hyperfunction of the false vocal cords was observed in 24 (48%) patients.
Chronic laryngitis was seen in a considerable number of exposed victims nearly 20 years after exposure, in spite of different treatments received.
硫芥是一种烷基化战争毒剂，吸入后会导致早期和晚期毒性作用。在两伊战争（1983 - 1988年）中，伊拉克军队广泛使用这种毒剂对付军事人员和平民。本研究的目的是描述一组急性接触硫芥20年后的化学战伤患者（士兵）的喉部异常表现。
在这个观察性病例系列研究中，连续选取了50名患有慢性呼吸道症状且因这些问题加重的男性患者，由言语病理学家对其进行临床嗓音障碍检查，然后进行纤维喉镜检查，以描述喉部的解剖和功能病理表现。
在客观语音评估中，46%的患者出现了不同程度的嗓音障碍，包括声音粗糙和嘶哑。分别有9名（18%）和3名（6%）患者的声门上区和声门下区存在炎症。24名（48%）患者观察到假声带功能亢进。
尽管接受了不同的治疗，但在接触近20年后，相当数量的暴露受害者出现了慢性喉炎。
