Petraglia Joseph
Global Health Communication, Atlanta, GA 30307, USA.
Health Commun. 2009 Mar;24(2):176-85. doi: 10.1080/10410230802676771.
A topic gaining attention in the field of education has been that of "authenticity"-the creation of learning environments that provide learners with richer and more realistic contexts in which to apply knowledge and practice skills. The subject of authenticity has yet to attract much attention in the field of public health and specifically in health communication and education, although these fields have long experience with the problem of getting audiences to translate knowledge into action. This article reviews the rationale for an interest in authenticity as it relates to health communication and education and notes that "authenticity" does not inhere in information but is an appraisal made by a member of the public who is persuaded to view the information as especially relevant to his or her health behavior and consonant with his or her prior experiences. This article argues that a public health communicator or educator can encourage such appraisals by using narrative formats that provide rich contextualization. But contextualizing behavior change information in the form of stories is not enough; there is a dialogic dimension to persuasion that aids in the process of authentication. Creating opportunities for dialogue between behavior change narratives and their audiences has its own challenges, but nonetheless deserves to be a priority in public health.
教育领域中一个备受关注的话题是“真实性”——即创造学习环境，为学习者提供更丰富、更现实的情境，以便他们应用知识和实践技能。尽管公共卫生领域，特别是健康传播与教育领域，长期以来一直面临着如何让受众将知识转化为行动的问题，但“真实性”这一主题在该领域尚未引起太多关注。本文回顾了对与健康传播和教育相关的“真实性”产生兴趣的理论依据，并指出“真实性”并非信息本身所固有，而是由公众成员做出的一种评价，该公众成员被说服认为该信息与他或她的健康行为特别相关，并且与他或她先前的经历一致。本文认为，公共卫生传播者或教育者可以通过使用提供丰富情境化的叙事形式来鼓励这种评价。但是，以故事形式对行为改变信息进行情境化是不够的；说服过程存在对话维度，这有助于认证过程。为行为改变叙事与其受众之间创造对话机会有其自身的挑战，但尽管如此，仍应成为公共卫生领域的优先事项。
