Boerma H R, Hussey R S
J Nematol. 1992 Jun;24(2):242-52.
Plant breeders and nematologists have developed improved cultivars of important crop species with resistance to plant-parasitic nematodes. The effectiveness of these breeding efforts has depended on the availability of efficient screening procedures, identification of adequate sources of durable resistance, nature of the nematode feeding habit, and knowledge of the inheritance of resistance. These factors determine to a large degree the breeding method and potential success of the research. Systematic searches for nematode resistance have identified resistant germplasm lines within crop species or from related species. When the resistance gene(s) is from related species, incongruity barriers or sterility of the resulting hybrids often must be overcome. In these situations, backcrossing is usually necessary to incorporate the resistance gene(s) and recover the desirable commercial traits of the crop species. If the resistance gene(s) is present within the crop species, the choice of breeding method depends on the inheritance of the resistance, type of screening procedure, and other important breeding objectives for the species. In the future, plant molecular biologists and geneticists will make available novel sources of nematode resistance through incorporation of transgenes from other genera. These efforts will likely require conventional breeding strategies before commercial utilization of an improved resistant cultivar.
植物育种家与线虫学家已培育出重要作物品种的改良品种，使其具备对植物寄生线虫的抗性。这些育种工作的成效取决于高效筛选程序的可用性、持久抗性充足来源的鉴定、线虫取食习性的性质以及抗性遗传知识。这些因素在很大程度上决定了育种方法和研究的潜在成功率。对线虫抗性的系统性搜寻已在作物品种内或相关物种中鉴定出抗性种质系。当抗性基因来自相关物种时，往往必须克服所得杂种的不亲和障碍或不育性。在这些情况下，通常需要回交以整合抗性基因并恢复作物品种所需的商业性状。如果抗性基因存在于作物品种内，育种方法的选择取决于抗性的遗传、筛选程序的类型以及该品种的其他重要育种目标。未来，植物分子生物学家和遗传学家将通过整合来自其他属的转基因提供新的线虫抗性来源。在改良的抗性品种商业化利用之前，这些努力可能需要传统育种策略。
