土壤酸碱度和氧气对斯氏线虫属持久性的影响
Influence of Soil pH and Oxygen on Persistence of Steinernema spp.
作者信息
Kung S P, Gaugler R, Kaya H K
出版信息
J Nematol. 1990 Oct;22(4):440-5.
Survival of infective juveniles of Steinernema carpocapsae and Steinernema glaseri gradually declined during 16 weeks of observation as the tested soil pH decreased from pH 8 to pH 4. Survival of both species of Steinernema dropped sharply after 1 week at pH 10. Survival or S. carpocapsae and S. glaseri was similar at pH 4, 6, and 8 during the first 4 weeks, but S. carpocapsae survival was significantly greater than S. glaseri at pH 10 through 16 weeks. Steinernema carpocapsae and S. glaseri that had been stored at pH 4, 6, and 8 for 16 weeks, and at pH 10 for 1 or more weeks were not infective to Galleria mellonella larvae. Steinernema carpocapsae survival was significantly greater than that of S. glaseri at oxygen:nitrogen ratios of 1:99, 5:95, and 10:90 during the first 2 weeks, and survival of both nematode species declined sharply to less than 20% after 4 weeks. Survival of both nematode species significantly decreased after 8 weeks as the tested oxygen concentrations decreased from 20 to 1%, and no nematode survival was recorded after 16 weeks. Steinernema carpocapsae pathogenicity was significantly greater than that of S. glaseri during the first 2 weeks. No nematode pathogenicity was recorded at oxygen concentrations of 1, 5, and 10% after 2 weeks and at 20% after 16 weeks.
在16周的观察期内，随着测试土壤pH值从pH 8降至pH 4，小卷蛾斯氏线虫和格拉斯斯氏线虫感染性幼虫的存活率逐渐下降。在pH 10的条件下放置1周后，两种斯氏线虫的存活率均急剧下降。在最初4周内，小卷蛾斯氏线虫和格拉斯斯氏线虫在pH 4、6和8时的存活率相似，但在pH 10至16周期间，小卷蛾斯氏线虫的存活率显著高于格拉斯斯氏线虫。在pH 4、6和8下储存16周以及在pH 10下储存1周或更长时间的小卷蛾斯氏线虫和格拉斯斯氏线虫对大蜡螟幼虫无感染性。在最初2周内，当氧气：氮气比例为1:99、5:95和10:90时，小卷蛾斯氏线虫的存活率显著高于格拉斯斯氏线虫，4周后两种线虫的存活率均急剧下降至低于20%。随着测试氧气浓度从20%降至1%，8周后两种线虫的存活率均显著下降，16周后未记录到线虫存活。在最初2周内，小卷蛾斯氏线虫的致病性显著高于格拉斯斯氏线虫。2周后，在氧气浓度为1%、5%和10%时以及16周后在20%时均未记录到线虫致病性。
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