Routley Virginia, Ozanne-Smith Joan, Li Dan, Yu Min, Wang Jianyue, Wu Ming, Zhang Junhe, Qin Yu
Monash University Accident Research Centre, Building 70, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
Int J Inj Contr Saf Promot. 2009 Mar;16(1):15-26. doi: 10.1080/17457300902738752.
The study aimed to establish characteristics of vehicles, occupants, seat belt and vehicle safety features for the Chinese cities of Nanjing and Zhoushan in order to interpret previously observed low seat belt wearing rates, particularly of passengers. Convenience interview surveys, stratified by vehicle and occupant type, of 2280 motor vehicle users were conducted in 2006 and 2007. Most participants (74.4%) were male, particularly drivers. Over half the occupants surveyed were aged 30-39 years. Drivers had relatively new vehicles and less driving experience compared with more motorised countries. Seat belts in most front seating positions and in half of the rear seats were fitted and functional. Where fitted, reasons for 'never wearing' were mostly 'feeling trapped and uncomfortable'; inconsistent wearers were influenced by 'habit development, trip length, speed, comfort and enforcement'. Public awareness of the safety benefits of seat belts, strong enforcement and retrofitting are necessary to overcome these barriers as achieved by past and present best practice.
该研究旨在确定中国南京和舟山两市车辆、驾乘人员、安全带及车辆安全特性，以解释此前观察到的安全带佩戴率较低的情况，尤其是乘客的安全带佩戴率。2006年和2007年，针对2280名机动车使用者开展了按车辆和驾乘人员类型分层的便利访谈调查。大部分参与者（74.4%）为男性，尤其是司机。超过半数接受调查的驾乘人员年龄在30至39岁之间。与机动车保有量更多的国家相比，司机所驾驶的车辆相对较新，但驾驶经验较少。大部分前排座位及半数后排座位都配备了可用的安全带。在配备安全带的座位上，“从不佩戴”的主要原因大多是“感觉被困住且不舒服”；佩戴情况不稳定的驾乘人员则受“习惯养成、行程长度、速度、舒适度及执法力度”影响。正如过去和现在的最佳实践所达成的那样，提高公众对安全带安全益处的认识、加强执法力度及进行改装，对于克服这些障碍而言是必要的。
