Monash University Accident Research Centre, Building 70, Monash University, Victoria 3800, Australia.
J Safety Res. 2009;40(6):449-54. doi: 10.1016/j.jsr.2009.10.004. Epub 2009 Nov 3.
To determine and validate patterns of seat belt use and attitudes of taxi drivers on wearing a seat belt following national and provincial seat belt legislation in 2004-2005.
Roadside daylight seat belt observation and interview survey methods were used, as well as observations from inside taxis during routine trips and a taxi driver focus group. The setting was Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, PR China in April of 2006 and 2007.
Prevalence of seat belt use and attitudes to wearing a seat belt were determined, as were vehicle and driver characteristics, and comparisons with other motor-vehicle driver's seat belt use and attitudes.
Taxi drivers interviewed were predominantly male and aged 30-39 years. They spent more hours per week in their vehicles and had more driving experience than other drivers. Over half (56.2%) of taxi drivers interviewed reported that they always wore seat belts, while observation of taxi drivers showed lower wearing rates (i.e., roadside observation was 43.8%, and observation from inside taxis was 36.2%). Belt tampering was a practice of 12-15% of taxi drivers. "Fine avoidance, safety, high speed and long trips" were given as important reasons for wearing and "feeling trapped and uncomfortable" for not wearing. Seat belt reminder signs in taxis were common (82.6% of taxis), but did not appear to impact on driver seat belt use.
The four research methods found taxi drivers to have consistently low "correct wearing" rates.
As in several other countries, taxi drivers are particularly resistant to seat belt use. Innovative strategies, including occupational health and safety approaches, may be required to achieve increased levels of seat belt use.
确定并验证 2004-2005 年国家和省级安全带法规实施后，出租车司机系安全带的模式和态度。
采用了路边日光安全带观察和访谈调查方法，以及在常规行程中从出租车内部进行观察和出租车司机焦点小组的方法。研究地点为中国江苏省南京市，时间为 2006 年和 2007 年 4 月。
确定安全带使用的流行率和系安全带的态度，以及车辆和驾驶员的特征，并与其他机动车驾驶员的安全带使用和态度进行比较。
接受采访的出租车司机主要为男性，年龄在 30-39 岁之间。他们每周在车内的时间比其他司机多，驾驶经验也更多。超过一半（56.2%）接受采访的出租车司机表示他们总是系安全带，而对出租车司机的观察显示，他们的系安全带率较低（即路边观察为 43.8%，从出租车内部观察为 36.2%）。安全带篡改是 12-15%的出租车司机的做法。“避免罚款、安全、高速和长途旅行”是他们系安全带的重要原因，而“感觉被困和不舒服”是他们不系安全带的原因。出租车内常见安全带提醒标志（82.6%的出租车），但似乎并没有影响司机系安全带。
这四种研究方法均发现出租车司机的“正确佩戴”率一直较低。
与其他几个国家一样，出租车司机特别抵制系安全带。可能需要创新策略，包括职业健康和安全方法，以提高安全带的使用水平。
