Ramchand Rajeev, Morral Andrew R, Becker Kirsten
RAND Corporation, 1200 South Hayes St., Arlington, VA 22202-5050, USA.
Am J Public Health. 2009 May;99(5):863-70. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2008.142281. Epub 2009 Mar 19.
We examined important life outcomes for adolescent offenders to describe how they were faring in young adulthood.
We assessed 449 adolescent offenders (aged 13-17 years) in Los Angeles, CA, whose cases had been adjudicated by the Los Angeles Superior Court and who had been referred to group homes between February 1999 and May 2000. We used the Global Appraisal of Individual Needs to interview respondents at baseline and at 3, 6, 12, 72, and 87 months after baseline. A total of 395 respondents (88%) were interviewed or confirmed as dead at the final interview.
At final interview, 12 respondents had died, 7 of them from gunshot wounds. Thirty-six percent of respondents reported recent hard drug use, and 27% reported 5 or more symptoms of substance dependence. Sixty-six percent reported committing an illegal activity within the previous year, 37% reported being arrested within the previous year, and 25% reported being in jail or prison every day for the previous 90 days. Fifty-eight percent had completed high school or obtained a GED, and 63% reported working at a job in the previous year.
The high rates of negative life outcomes presented here suggest the need for more effective rehabilitation programs for juvenile offenders.
我们研究了青少年罪犯的重要生活结局，以描述他们在成年早期的状况。
我们评估了加利福尼亚州洛杉矶的449名青少年罪犯（年龄在13至17岁之间），他们的案件已由洛杉矶高等法院判决，并且在1999年2月至2000年5月期间被转至集体之家。我们使用《个体需求综合评估》在基线时以及基线后3、6、12、72和87个月对受访者进行访谈。在最后一次访谈中，共有395名受访者（88%）接受了访谈或被确认死亡。
在最后一次访谈时，12名受访者已死亡，其中7人死于枪伤。36%的受访者报告近期使用过硬性毒品，27%的受访者报告有5种或更多物质依赖症状。66%的受访者报告在前一年从事过非法活动，37%的受访者报告在前一年被捕，25%的受访者报告在过去90天里每天都在监狱中。58%的人完成了高中学业或获得了同等学历证书，63%的受访者报告在前一年有工作。
此处呈现的负面生活结局的高发生率表明，需要为少年犯制定更有效的康复计划。
