Bürkner A, Eichbichler A, Simmen H P
Chirurgische Klinik, Spital Limmattal, Schlieren, Schweiz.
Sportverletz Sportschaden. 2009 Mar;23(1):41-6. doi: 10.1055/s-0028-1109075. Epub 2009 Mar 20.
Injuries in leisure sports, especially with skiers and snowboarders are a challenge for medicine as well as for economy. The risk of getting injured depends not only on the performed sport but also on the individual readiness to take a risk and the worn safety devices.
663 persons performing leisure sports in an alpine ski resort were questioned concerning their individual readiness to take a risk and need for security. It was distinguished between skiers and snowboarders. Also the worn safety devices as well as the reasons for and against the use of safety devices were asked. As safety devices helmets, back protectors, wrist guards, knee-, shin- and elbow pads were considered. There were also questions about the behaviour on the ski slope and injuries so far.
52.5 % of all questioned persons are skiers, 36.0 % snowboarders, 11.5 % practise both sports. Safety devices are widely accepted in leisure sports: 78.1 % of all persons questioned wear at least one device. 76.8 % wear it for their own safety. The most common reason against safety devices are "lack of need" with 59.6 %. 28 % mentioned lack of comfort. Males show a significantly riskier behaviour on ski piste than females, 7 versus 5 on an analogue scale 0 - 10. After all 47.2 % of all persons have suffered from an injury, which needed medical treatment. In 75.7 % the cause was a fall, 14,7 % were results of a collision. In this context 49.5 % would appreciate the introduction of a ski slope controller. 90.5 % deny the consumption of alcohol while performing their sport and 78.4 % consider the consumption of alcohol as a risk either for themselves or for others.
Our study shows a broad acceptance of safety devices in leisure sport. A lot of studies have proved the value of helmets to prevent injuries. The introduction of mandatory helmets at least for children and juveniles in alpine sports would be well accepted. Males show a significantly riskier behaviour on ski pistes than females. Efficient controls on ski pistes to avoid ruthless behaviour would be appreciated and declined by equal numbers.
休闲运动中的损伤，尤其是滑雪者和单板滑雪者的损伤，对医学和经济来说都是一项挑战。受伤风险不仅取决于所从事的运动，还取决于个人的冒险意愿以及所佩戴的安全装备。
对在高山滑雪胜地进行休闲运动的663人就其个人冒险意愿和安全需求进行了询问。区分了滑雪者和单板滑雪者。还询问了所佩戴的安全装备以及使用或不使用安全装备的原因。所考虑的安全装备有头盔、背部保护器、护腕、护膝、护胫和护肘。此外，还询问了在雪道上的行为以及迄今为止的受伤情况。
所有被询问者中，52.5%是滑雪者，36.0%是单板滑雪者，11.5%同时从事这两项运动。安全装备在休闲运动中被广泛接受：78.1%的被询问者至少佩戴一种装备。76.8%的人佩戴是为了自身安全。不使用安全装备最常见的原因是“不需要”，占59.6%。28%的人提到不舒服。男性在雪道上的行为比女性明显更具风险性，在0至10的类似量表上，男性为7分，女性为5分。毕竟，47.2%的人受过需要医疗治疗的损伤。其中75.7%的原因是摔倒，14.7%是碰撞的结果。在这种情况下，49.5%的人希望引入雪道管理员。90.5%的人否认在运动时饮酒，78.4%的人认为饮酒对自己或他人来说是一种风险。
我们的研究表明安全装备在休闲运动中被广泛接受。许多研究已经证明头盔对预防损伤的价值。至少在高山运动中对儿童和青少年强制使用头盔会得到广泛认可。男性在雪道上的行为比女性明显更具风险性。对雪道进行有效管控以避免鲁莽行为，支持和反对的人数相当。
