Davidson T M, Laliotis A T
Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California and the Veterans Affairs Medical Centers, San Diego 92103-8895, USA.
West J Med. 1996 Mar;164(3):231-7.
Snowboarding is a rapidly growing winter sport. Its unorthodox maneuvers and young participants raise many safety concerns. We examined injury patterns in recreational snowboarders, comparing these patterns with those found in alpine skiers. Snowboarding and skiing injury patterns differed significantly (P < .05) for the following categories: 49% of injured snowboarders were beginners versus 18% of skiers. Snowboarders were more likely to suffer wrist (19% versus 2%) and ankle (16% versus 6%) injuries, but less likely to sustain knee (17% versus 39%) or thumb (2% versus 4%) injuries than skiers. For snowboarders, wrist injuries were most common in beginners (30%), knee injuries in low intermediates (28%), ankle injuries in intermediates (17%), and shoulder or clavicle injuries in advanced snowboarders (14%). Most snowboarders (90%) wore soft-shelled boots, 73% of lower extremity injuries occurred to the lead-foot side, and 73% of wrist injuries occurred during backward falls; 67% of knee injuries occurred during forward falls. Of all injuries, 8% occurred while loading onto or unloading from a ski lift. The sport of snowboarding brings with it a different set of injuries from those seen in alpine skiing. The data focus attention on improvements such as wrist guards or splints, releasable front-foot bindings, and better instruction for beginner snowboarders to improve the safety of this sport. Finally, the data confirm that snowboarders and skiers may be safely combined on the same slopes.
单板滑雪是一项迅速发展的冬季运动。其非传统的动作以及年轻的参与者引发了诸多安全担忧。我们研究了休闲单板滑雪者的损伤模式，并将这些模式与高山滑雪者的损伤模式进行了比较。单板滑雪和滑雪的损伤模式在以下类别中存在显著差异（P <.05）：49%的受伤单板滑雪者是初学者，而滑雪者中这一比例为18%。与滑雪者相比，单板滑雪者更易遭受手腕（19%对2%）和脚踝（16%对6%）损伤，但遭受膝盖（17%对39%）或拇指（2%对4%）损伤的可能性较小。对于单板滑雪者而言，手腕损伤在初学者中最为常见（30%），膝盖损伤在低水平中级者中（28%），脚踝损伤在中级者中（17%），肩部或锁骨损伤在高级单板滑雪者中（14%）。大多数单板滑雪者（90%）穿着软壳靴，73%的下肢损伤发生在主导脚一侧，73%的手腕损伤发生在向后摔倒时；67%的膝盖损伤发生在向前摔倒时。在所有损伤中，8%发生在乘坐滑雪缆车上下车时。单板滑雪运动带来了一系列与高山滑雪不同的损伤。这些数据将注意力集中在诸如护腕或夹板、可释放的前脚固定装置以及为单板滑雪初学者提供更好的指导等改进措施上，以提高这项运动的安全性。最后，数据证实单板滑雪者和滑雪者可以安全地在同一雪道上活动。
