Cunningham John A, Van Mierlo Trevor
Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, and University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
Drug Alcohol Rev. 2009 Jan;28(1):12-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1465-3362.2008.00001.x.
In recent years, there has been an increase in the number of Internet-based interventions (IBI) for alcohol problems and other addictive behaviours. However, it is risky to assume interventions that have been found to work in face-to-face modalities can be translated into IBI that are equally effective.
Using selected examples from the published works, this paper will identify some of the special considerations that are relevant to the evaluation of IBI. In addition, methodological issues found in the ongoing development and evaluation of the Check Your Drinking screener (http://www.CheckYourDrinking.net), an IBI for problem drinkers, will be discussed.
There have been several randomised control trials with promising results. A primary limitation of much of the research conducted to date is concerns regarding the generalisability of the findings. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS. Caution should be taken in assuming that the IBI, which have been found to work in tightly controlled efficacy trials, will display similar levels of effectiveness when used in 'naturalistic' settings (i.e. not face-to-face in a research environment). Positive results from studies using a variety of different research designs will advance the potential for IBI, as a new means of helping problem drinkers reduce their alcohol consumption. Because of their accessibility and anonymity, IBI could facilitate a broad provision of treatment services at a population level.
近年来，针对酒精问题及其他成瘾行为的基于互联网的干预措施（IBI）数量有所增加。然而，认为在面对面模式中被证明有效的干预措施可以转化为同样有效的基于互联网的干预措施是有风险的。
本文将通过已发表作品中的特定示例，确定一些与基于互联网的干预措施评估相关的特殊考量因素。此外，还将讨论在为有饮酒问题者设计的基于互联网的干预措施“检查你的饮酒情况”筛查工具（http://www.CheckYourDrinking.net）的持续开发和评估中发现的方法学问题。
已有多项随机对照试验取得了有前景的结果。迄今为止进行的许多研究的一个主要局限性在于对研究结果可推广性的担忧。
在假设在严格控制的疗效试验中有效的基于互联网干预措施在“自然环境”（即并非在研究环境中面对面）中使用时会显示出相似的有效性水平时应谨慎。使用各种不同研究设计的研究取得的积极结果将提升基于互联网的干预措施作为帮助有饮酒问题者减少酒精消费新手段的潜力。由于其可及性和匿名性，基于互联网的干预措施可以在人群层面促进广泛的治疗服务提供。
