Edelstyn Nicola M J, Mayes Andrew R, Condon Laura, Tunnicliffe Michelle, Ellis Simon J
School of Psychology, University of Keele, Staffordshire ST55BG, UK.
J Neuropsychol. 2007 Sep;1(2):131-47. doi: 10.1348/174866407x182565.
There is conflicting evidence about whether Parkinson's disease (PD) is associated with deficiencies in recognition memory (RM) and the processes which underlie it, namely recollection (a form of recall) and familiarity (a feeling of memory in the absence of recall). The aims of the current study were to examine forced-choice verbal RM (assessed with the Warrington Recognition memory Test), yes-no RM, recollection, familiarity and executive functioning in 17 patients with moderate PD and 17 healthy volunteers matched for age and premorbid intelligence. We predicted that patients with moderate PD would display a significant recollection deficit on the yes-no RM test, because their strategic memory processing that depends on executive functioning and is necessary for efficient encoding and/or retrieval, was disrupted. In contrast, familiarity memory, which is not dependent on these processes, and forced-choice RM (which is largely dependent on familiarity) should show higher levels of preservation. We also predicted that recollection should be correlated with severity of executive dysfunction. Our findings revealed that the PD patients were as likely to accurately discriminate between targets and distractors as the healthy volunteers on both RM tests. However, the PD patients were significantly less reliant on recollection-driven recognition decisions on the yes-no RM test when compared with the healthy control group. The patients also displayed executive function deficits, but these were not correlated with recollection. The extent to which the PD patients' reliance on familiarity at the expense of recollection is explained by impairments in strategic memory processes/executive function and/or medial temporal lobe retrieval processes needs further exploration.
关于帕金森病（PD）是否与识别记忆（RM）及其潜在过程（即回忆，一种回忆形式，以及熟悉感，即在无回忆情况下的记忆感觉）缺陷相关，存在相互矛盾的证据。本研究的目的是检查17名中度PD患者和17名年龄及病前智力匹配的健康志愿者的强制选择言语RM（用沃林顿识别记忆测试评估）、是非RM、回忆、熟悉感和执行功能。我们预测中度PD患者在是非RM测试中会表现出显著的回忆缺陷，因为他们依赖执行功能且对有效编码和/或检索必要的策略性记忆处理受到了干扰。相比之下，不依赖这些过程的熟悉性记忆以及强制选择RM（很大程度上依赖熟悉性）应该表现出更高水平的保留。我们还预测回忆应与执行功能障碍的严重程度相关。我们的研究结果显示，在两项RM测试中，PD患者与健康志愿者一样能够准确区分目标和干扰项。然而，与健康对照组相比，PD患者在是非RM测试中显著更少依赖回忆驱动的识别决策。患者还表现出执行功能缺陷，但这些与回忆不相关。PD患者以牺牲回忆为代价对熟悉性的依赖程度是由策略性记忆过程/执行功能和/或内侧颞叶检索过程的损害所解释，这需要进一步探索。
