Is the Internet a reliable source for dietary recommendations for stone formers?

PURPOSE

Kidney stone formation is influenced by environmental factors, especially diet. Certain dietary modifications, including increased fluid intake, reduced animal protein and sodium consumption, and normal calcium intake, reduce the risk of stone activity. Patients frequently use the Internet for information regarding disease processes. We undertook this study to determine the quality of dietary stone information available in this communication domain.

METHODS

The Google search engine was used to survey 458 consecutive sites related to kidney stones and dietary information. The presence or absence of the four aforementioned dietary recommendations was recorded. The sites were analyzed for correctness, information on all four domains present and correct; inaccuracy, something mentioned about all four areas but > or =1 recommendation error(s); deficiency, information on < or =3 or domains and no recommendation errors; deficiency and inaccuracy, information on < or =3 areas and > or =1 recommendation error(s).

RESULTS

[Table: see text] There were 10 errors regarding calcium intake and 2 pertaining to protein consumption. The quality of information varied with the reporting source.

CONCLUSIONS

Internet-based information regarding four important dietary modifications for kidney stone formers is frequently incomplete. Dietary inaccuracy, while uncommon in this communication domain, is mostly centered on the misconception that calcium restriction is beneficial. The quality of dietary information may depend on the Internet information source.