Sorensen Mathew D, Hsi Ryan S, Chi Thomas, Shara Nawar, Wactawski-Wende Jean, Kahn Arnold J, Wang Hong, Hou Lifang, Stoller Marshall L
Division of Urology, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, and Department of Urology, Urological Research Outcomes Collaboration, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington.
Department of Urology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington.
J Urol. 2014 Dec;192(6):1694-9. doi: 10.1016/j.juro.2014.05.086. Epub 2014 May 22.
We evaluated the relationship between dietary fiber, fruit and vegetable intake, and the risk of kidney stone formation.
Overall 83,922 postmenopausal women from the Women's Health Initiative observational study were included in the analysis and followed prospectively. Cox proportional hazards regression analyses were used to evaluate the associations between total dietary fiber, fruit and vegetable intake, and the risk of incident kidney stone formation, adjusting for nephrolithiasis risk factors (age, race/ethnicity, geographic region, diabetes mellitus, calcium supplementation, hormone therapy use, body mass index and calibrated caloric intake; and dietary water, sodium, animal protein and calcium intake). Women with a history of kidney stones (3,471) were analyzed separately.
Mean age of the women was 64±7 years, 85% were white and 2,937 (3.5%) experienced a kidney stone in a median followup of 8 years. In women with no history of kidney stones higher total dietary fiber (6% to 26% decreased risk, p <0.001), greater fruit intake (12% to 25% decreased risk, p <0.001) and greater vegetable intake (9% to 22% decreased risk, p=0.002) were associated with a decreased risk of incident kidney stone formation in separate adjusted models. In women with a history of stones there were no significant protective effects of fiber, fruit or vegetable intake on the risk of kidney stone recurrence.
Greater dietary intake of fiber, fruits and vegetables was associated with a reduced risk of incident kidney stones in postmenopausal women. The protective effects were independent of other known risk factors for kidney stones. In contrast, there was no reduction in risk in women with a history of stones.
我们评估了膳食纤维、水果和蔬菜摄入量与肾结石形成风险之间的关系。
纳入了来自女性健康倡议观察性研究的83922名绝经后女性进行分析，并进行前瞻性随访。采用Cox比例风险回归分析来评估总膳食纤维、水果和蔬菜摄入量与新发肾结石形成风险之间的关联，并对肾结石风险因素（年龄、种族/民族、地理区域、糖尿病、补钙、激素治疗使用情况、体重指数和校正热量摄入；以及饮食中的水、钠、动物蛋白和钙摄入量）进行校正。有肾结石病史的女性（3471名）单独进行分析。
这些女性的平均年龄为64±7岁，85%为白人，在中位随访8年期间，有2937名（3.5%）发生了肾结石。在无肾结石病史的女性中，在单独的校正模型中，较高的总膳食纤维摄入量（风险降低6%至26%，p<0.001）、较多的水果摄入量（风险降低12%至25%，p<0.001）和较多的蔬菜摄入量（风险降低9%至22%，p=0.002）与新发肾结石形成风险降低相关。在有结石病史的女性中，膳食纤维、水果或蔬菜摄入量对肾结石复发风险没有显著的保护作用。
绝经后女性膳食纤维、水果和蔬菜的摄入量增加与新发肾结石风险降低相关。这些保护作用独立于其他已知的肾结石风险因素。相比之下，有结石病史的女性风险没有降低。
