Suresh Santhanam, Chan Vincent W S
Department of Pediatric Anesthesiology, Children's Memorial Hospital, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60614, USA.
Paediatr Anaesth. 2009 Apr;19(4):296-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1460-9592.2009.02958.x.
The transversus abdominis plane block (TAP) has been described recently for pain management following abdominal surgery. Although many techniques have been described using anatomical landmarks, a simple ultrasound (US) guidance technique for the block has not been described in children. An article published by Hebbard and colleagues on the use of US-guidance for TAP blocks described the technique with the probe positioned at the midaxillary line with a needle insertion that is located further medial on the abdominal wall. This technique, although feasible in adults is not possible in children due to the need for obtaining a more thorough spread of the local anesthetic solution. We describe in this article, a user-friendly approach to the placement of a TAP block in infants, children and adolescents. Further pharmacokinetic data has to be obtained for actual dosing for these blocks in infants and children.
腹横肌平面阻滞（TAP）最近已被用于腹部手术后的疼痛管理。尽管已经描述了许多使用解剖标志的技术，但尚未描述针对儿童的简单超声（US）引导下的该阻滞技术。Hebbard及其同事发表的一篇关于超声引导下TAP阻滞应用的文章描述了该技术，即探头置于腋中线，进针点位于腹壁更内侧。这种技术虽然在成人中可行，但在儿童中却不可行，因为需要使局部麻醉溶液更广泛地扩散。在本文中，我们描述了一种在婴儿、儿童和青少年中放置TAP阻滞的用户友好方法。对于婴儿和儿童这些阻滞的实际给药，还必须获取更多的药代动力学数据。
