Bartlett Brenda L, Pellicane Anthony J, Tyring Stephen K
Center for Clinical Studies, University of Texas Health Sciences Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, USA.
Dermatol Ther. 2009 Mar-Apr;22(2):104-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1529-8019.2009.01223.x.
This article provides a review of immunology to enhance understanding of vaccine efficacy and use, and elaborates on the immune response to vaccination. The use of vaccines to prevent infectious diseases represents a tremendous accomplishment of biomedical science, especially considering the complex interplay of the immune system with innumerable pathogens. Vaccines have allowed for total eradication of one disease and have significantly reduced the incidence of other diseases. In order to have a successful vaccine-based eradication program, the infection must be limited to humans without an animal reservoir and only one or a few strains may exist in viral infection. These strains must have constant antigenic properties. A number of vaccine types exist, both traditional and innovative, and are described herein.
本文对免疫学进行了综述，以增进对疫苗效力及使用的理解，并详细阐述了疫苗接种后的免疫反应。利用疫苗预防传染病是生物医学科学的一项巨大成就，尤其是考虑到免疫系统与无数病原体之间复杂的相互作用。疫苗已使一种疾病被彻底根除，并显著降低了其他疾病的发病率。为了成功实施基于疫苗的根除计划，感染必须仅限于人类，不存在动物宿主，并且在病毒感染中可能仅存在一种或几种毒株。这些毒株必须具有恒定的抗原特性。现有的疫苗类型包括传统型和创新型，本文将对其进行介绍。
