Xie Jindong, Ye Fengxi, Deng Xinpei, Tang Yuhui, Liang Jie-Ying, Huang Xufeng, Sun Yuying, Tang Hailin, Lei Jinsong, Zheng Shaoquan, Zou Yutian
State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, Guangdong Province, China.
Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, Guangdong Province, China.
J Transl Int Med. 2023 Dec 20;11(4):372-381. doi: 10.2478/jtim-2023-0122. eCollection 2023 Dec.
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a class of single-stranded RNAs with covalently closed structures. Owing to their not having 3' or 5' ends, circRNAs are highly durable and insusceptible to exonuclease-mediated degradation. Moreover, some circRNAs with certain structures are translatable, making them novel vaccines. Vaccines are efficient tools for immunotherapy, such as for the prevention of infectious diseases and cancer treatment. The immune system is activated during immunotherapy to fight against abnormal allies or invaders. CircRNA vaccines represent a potential new avenue in the vaccine era. Recently, several circRNA vaccines have been synthesized and tested and . Our review briefly introduces the current understanding of the biology and function of translatable circRNAs, molecular biology, synthetic methods, delivery of circRNA, and current circRNA vaccines. We also discussed the challenges and future directions in the field by summarizing the developments in circRNA vaccines in the past few years.
环状RNA（circRNAs）是一类具有共价闭合结构的单链RNA。由于它们没有3'或5'末端，circRNAs具有高度的稳定性，不易被核酸外切酶介导的降解。此外，一些具有特定结构的circRNAs是可翻译的，这使它们成为新型疫苗。疫苗是免疫治疗的有效工具，例如用于预防传染病和癌症治疗。在免疫治疗过程中，免疫系统被激活以对抗异常的病原体或入侵者。circRNA疫苗代表了疫苗时代潜在的新途径。最近，已经合成并测试了几种circRNA疫苗。我们的综述简要介绍了目前对可翻译circRNAs的生物学和功能、分子生物学、合成方法、circRNA的递送以及当前circRNA疫苗的理解。我们还通过总结过去几年circRNA疫苗的发展，讨论了该领域的挑战和未来方向。
