Mutwiri G, Gerdts V, Lopez M, Babiuk L A
Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization, University of Saskatchewan, 120 Veterinary Road, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.
Rev Sci Tech. 2007 Apr;26(1):147-56.
Vaccination remains the most cost-effective biomedical approach to the control of infectious diseases in livestock. Vaccines based on killed pathogens or subunit antigens are safer but are often ineffective and require coadministration with adjuvants to achieve efficacy. Unfortunately, most conventional adjuvants are poorly defined, complex substances that fail to meet the stringent criteria for safety and efficacy desired in new generation vaccines. A new generation of adjuvants that work by activating innate immunity presents exciting opportunities to develop safer, more potent vaccines. In this review the authors highlight the role of innate immunity in protection against infectious disease and provide some examples of promising new adjuvants that activate innate immunity. They do not review the conventional adjuvants present in many vaccines since they have been reviewed extensively previously.
疫苗接种仍然是控制家畜传染病最具成本效益的生物医学方法。基于灭活病原体或亚单位抗原的疫苗更安全，但往往效果不佳，需要与佐剂共同给药才能达到疗效。不幸的是，大多数传统佐剂定义不明确，成分复杂，不符合新一代疫苗所需的严格安全和疗效标准。通过激活先天免疫起作用的新一代佐剂为开发更安全、更有效的疫苗带来了令人兴奋的机遇。在这篇综述中，作者强调了先天免疫在预防传染病中的作用，并提供了一些有前景的激活先天免疫的新型佐剂的例子。由于之前已经对许多疫苗中存在的传统佐剂进行了广泛的综述，因此本文不再对其进行讨论。
