Meiser-Stedman Richard, Smith Patrick, Bryant Richard, Salmon Karen, Yule William, Dalgleish Tim, Nixon Reginald D V
Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK.
J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2009 Apr;50(4):432-40. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-7610.2008.01995.x.
Negative trauma-related cognitions have been found to be a significant factor in the maintenance of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in adults. Initial studies of such appraisals in trauma-exposed children and adolescents suggest that this is an important line of research in youth, yet empirically validated measures for use with younger populations are lacking. A measure of negative trauma-related cognitions for use with children and adolescents, the Child Post-Traumatic Cognitions Inventory (CPTCI), is presented. The measure was devised as an age-appropriate version of the adult Post-Traumatic Cognitions Inventory (Foa et al., 1999).
The CPTCI was developed and validated within a large (n = 570) sample, comprising community and trauma-exposed samples of children and adolescents aged 6-18 years.
Principal components analysis suggested a two-component structure. These components were labelled 'permanent and disturbing change' and 'fragile person in a scary world', and were each found to possess good internal consistency, test-retest reliability, convergent validity, and discriminative validity. The reliability and validity of these sub-scales was present regardless of whether the measure was completed in the acute phase or several months after a trauma. Scores on these sub-scales did not vary with age.
The CPTCI is a reliable and valid measure that is not specific to the type of trauma exposure, and shows considerable promise as a research and clinical tool. The structure of this measure suggests that appraisals concerning the more abstract consequences of a trauma, as well as physical threat and vulnerability, are pertinent factors in trauma-exposed children and adolescents, even prepubescent children.
研究发现，与创伤相关的消极认知是成年人创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）持续存在的一个重要因素。对遭受创伤的儿童和青少年进行此类评估的初步研究表明，这是针对青少年的一项重要研究方向，但目前缺乏适用于较年轻人群的经过实证验证的测量工具。本文介绍了一种适用于儿童和青少年的与创伤相关的消极认知测量工具——儿童创伤后认知量表（CPTCI）。该量表是作为成人创伤后认知量表（Foa等人，1999年）的适合年龄版本设计的。
CPTCI是在一个包含6至18岁儿童和青少年社区样本及创伤暴露样本的大样本（n = 570）中开发并验证的。
主成分分析表明该量表具有两成分结构。这两个成分分别被标记为“永久性和令人不安的变化”以及“可怕世界中的脆弱个体”，并且发现每个成分都具有良好的内部一致性、重测信度、收敛效度和区分效度。无论该量表是在急性期完成还是在创伤发生数月后完成，这些子量表的信度和效度均存在。这些子量表的得分不随年龄变化。
CPTCI是一种可靠且有效的测量工具，不特定于创伤暴露类型，作为一种研究和临床工具显示出相当大的前景。该量表的结构表明，关于创伤更抽象后果以及身体威胁和易感性的评估，是遭受创伤的儿童和青少年（甚至青春期前儿童）的相关因素。
