Mograss M A, Guillem F, Brazzini-Poisson V, Godbout R
Division of Sleep Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Neurobiol Learn Mem. 2009 May;91(4):343-52. doi: 10.1016/j.nlm.2009.01.008.
This study examined the memorization of information after a night of normal sleep and total sleep deprivation (TSD) by means of event-related potentials (ERPs). We expected a disfacilitatory effect of TSD on memory processing. Eighteen subjects were tested twice in a counterbalanced fashion. During the study session, subjects were presented with unfamiliar face stimuli and asked to memorize them for a subsequent memory test. At the test session, the subjects were presented with the studied faces intermixed with "new" faces and asked to indicate the previously presented stimuli. The N100 was used as a covariate to control for the differences in level of vigilance between the two sessions. Sleep deprivation decreased subjects' ability to discriminate new from previously studied stimuli and decreased the peak amplitude of the early component (N200) to the decrement of performance. In addition, following TSD the amplitude of the late frontal component (LFC), which is thought to reflect contextual processing, was decreased in covariance with the N100 vigilance component. The amplitude of the late posterior component (LPC/P600) was also reduced but was unrelated to the vigilance component of the ERP. Based on prior studies, this LPC reduction can be interpreted to indicate a decrease in information retrieved after TSD. In summary, a night of TSD decreased the amplitude of the ERPs associated with complex episodic memory task stimuli, affected the frontal cortex during episodic retrieval, and prevented the elaboration process. Furthermore, there was an inability to discriminate what is and what is not in memory, possibly due to less local processing of details.
本研究通过事件相关电位（ERP）检测了正常睡眠一晚和完全睡眠剥夺（TSD）后信息的记忆情况。我们预期TSD会对记忆加工产生抑制作用。18名受试者以平衡的方式接受了两次测试。在研究阶段，向受试者呈现不熟悉的面部刺激，并要求他们记住这些刺激以便后续进行记忆测试。在测试阶段，向受试者呈现已研究过的面部与“新”面部混合的图片，并要求他们指出之前呈现过的刺激。将N100用作协变量，以控制两次测试之间警觉水平的差异。睡眠剥夺降低了受试者区分新刺激与先前研究过的刺激的能力，并随着表现的下降降低了早期成分（N200）的峰值幅度。此外，在TSD之后，被认为反映情境加工的晚期额叶成分（LFC）的幅度与N100警觉成分协变降低。晚期后部成分（LPC/P600）的幅度也降低了，但与ERP的警觉成分无关。根据先前的研究，这种LPC降低可以解释为表明TSD后检索到的信息减少。总之，一晚的TSD降低了与复杂情景记忆任务刺激相关的ERP幅度，在情景检索期间影响了额叶皮质，并阻碍了精细化过程。此外，可能由于对细节的局部加工较少，无法区分记忆中的内容与非记忆中的内容。
