Department of Physical Chemistry, Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
Nanomedicine. 2009 Dec;5(4):394-401. doi: 10.1016/j.nano.2009.02.003. Epub 2009 Mar 31.
The eyes are among the most readily accessible organs in terms of location in the body, yet drug delivery to eye tissues is particularly problematic. Poor bioavailability of drugs from ocular dosage forms is mainly due to precorneal loss factors (e.g., tear dynamics, nonproductive absorption, transient residence time in the cul-de-sac, and relative impermeability of the corneal epithelial membrane). There is a clear need for effective topical formulations capable of promoting drug penetration and maintaining therapeutic levels with a reasonable frequency of application--a strategy that can also result in enhancement of side effects that probably would not be acceptable. Delivery of a drug via a nanotechnology-based product fulfills three main objectives: enhancement of drug permeation, controlled release, and targeting. The inflammatory response of the ocular tissues is a common side effect associated with ophthalmic surgery. Together with steroidal agents, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are used in eye surgery. In this review we focus on microemulsions, polymeric nanoparticles, liposomes, solid lipid nanoparticles, and drug nanocrystals as formulations incorporating anti-inflammatory drugs for ophthalmic application.
This review focuses on microemulsions, polymeric nanoparticles, liposomes, solid lipid nanoparticles, and drug nanocrystals as novel high efficiency delivery systems of anti-inflammatory drugs in ophthalmic applications.
就身体位置而言，眼睛是最容易触及的器官之一，但眼部组织的药物输送特别成问题。眼部剂型的药物生物利用度差主要是由于角膜前损失因素（例如泪液动力学、非生产性吸收、在隐窝中的短暂停留时间以及角膜上皮膜的相对不可渗透性）。显然需要有效的局部制剂，能够促进药物渗透并以合理的应用频率维持治疗水平——这种策略还可能导致副作用增强，这可能是不可接受的。通过基于纳米技术的产品输送药物可满足三个主要目标：增强药物渗透、控制释放和靶向。眼部组织的炎症反应是与眼科手术相关的常见副作用。甾体药物与非甾体抗炎药一起用于眼部手术。在这篇综述中，我们专注于微乳液、聚合物纳米粒子、脂质体、固体脂质纳米粒子和药物纳米晶体，作为将抗炎药物纳入眼科应用的制剂。
这篇综述重点介绍了微乳液、聚合物纳米粒子、脂质体、固体脂质纳米粒子和药物纳米晶体作为新型高效抗炎药物在眼科应用中的传递系统。
