School of Life Sciences, John Muir Building, Heriot-Watt University, Riccarton, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, Scotland, UK.
Vet Microbiol. 2010 Jan 27;140(3-4):310-7. doi: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2009.03.015. Epub 2009 Mar 13.
Vibrios are Gram-negative rod-shaped bacteria that are widespread in the coastal and estuarine environments. Some species, e.g. Vibrio anguillarum and V. tapetis, comprise serious pathogens of aquatic vertebrates or invertebrates. Other groups, including Grimontia (=Vibrio) hollisae, Photobacterium (=Vibrio) damselae subsp. damselae, V. alginolyticus, V. harveyi (=V. carchariae), V. cholerae, V. fluvialis, V. furnissii, V. metschnikovii, V. mimicus, V. parahaemolyticus and V. vulnificus, may cause disease in both aquatic animals and humans. The human outbreaks, although low in number, typically involve wound infections and gastro-intestinal disease often with watery diarrhoea. In a minority of cases, for example V. vulnificus, there is good evidence to actually associate human infections with diseased animals. In other cases, the link is certainly feasible but hard evidence is mostly lacking.
弧菌是革兰氏阴性的杆状细菌，广泛分布于沿海和河口环境中。一些物种，如鳗弧菌和创伤弧菌，是水生脊椎动物或无脊椎动物的严重病原体。其他群体，包括霍利斯弧菌（= 弧菌）、美人鱼发光杆菌（= 弧菌）亚种美人鱼、溶藻弧菌、哈维氏弧菌（= 鲨弧菌）、霍乱弧菌、河弧菌、弗尼斯弧菌、梅奇尼科夫弧菌、拟态弧菌、副溶血性弧菌和创伤弧菌，可能导致水生动物和人类患病。虽然人类疫情数量较少，但通常涉及伤口感染和胃肠道疾病，常伴有水样腹泻。在少数情况下，例如创伤弧菌，有充分的证据表明人类感染与患病动物有关。在其他情况下，这种联系肯定是可行的，但主要缺乏确凿的证据。
