Silva Leonardo Leiria de Moura da, Barbosa-Coutinho Ligia Maria
Serviço de Oftalmologia do Complexo Hospitalar Santa Casa de Porto Alegre (RS) - Brasil.
Arq Bras Oftalmol. 2009 Jan-Feb;72(1):84-90.
To describe the orbito-sphenoidal expansive processes diagnosed at the Anatomo-Pathological Laboratory of the Fundação Faculdade Federal de Ciências Médicas de Porto Alegre - Complexo Hospitalar Santa Casa de Porto Alegre during a period of 15 years, evaluating their relative frequencies among other tumoral processes.
We performed a statistical analysis of all orbital tumors with anatomicopathological diagnosis from January 1968 to December 1982, comparing the frequency of orbital tumors with the total number of tumors diagnosed at this Laboratory in a period of 5 years.
Eighty-two cases were diagnosed of expansive processes involving the orbit in 15 years - 20.7% of the total (17 cases) affecting children (up to 14 years-old) and the remaining 79.3% (65 cases) affecting adults. Children presented more frequently optic nerve gliomas (4 of 6 cases 66.6%), retinoblastomas (4 cases - 100%) and rhabdomyosarcomas (3 of 4 cases - 75%). Less frequent diseases in children were optic nerve meningioma, neurofibroma, inflammatory pseudotumor, chronic dacryoadenitis, neuroma and chronic inflammatory process. The adult population presented more cases of basal cell carcinomas (18 cases), squamous cell carciomas (12 cases), meningiomas (10 cases), choroidal malignant melanoma (3 cases) and lacrimal gland tumors (7 cases). Tumors originated from bone or vascular structures, pseudo-tumors, and intraorbital epidermic cysts were also diagnosed, among others. Of a sum of 2,639 tumors diagnosed at this Laboratory in the time period of 5 years (1976 to 1980), there were 22 cases of orbital tumors, reaching a total of 0.8% of all cases.
The anatomicopathological study of these processes is somehow important to diagnose and to establish an adequate therapy. The incidence of the expansive processes involving the orbit allows an epidemiological characterization of the different medical services responsible for the treatment of eye diseases. Despite its lower frequencies when compared to the diagnosis from other branches of Anatomical Pathology, Eye pathology has developed considerably over the past few years, contributing to more accurate diagnosis and to a better understanding of mechanisms responsible for these processes.
描述在阿雷格里港联邦医学科学院解剖病理学实验室——圣卡塔琳娜医院综合体在15年期间诊断出的眶-蝶骨扩张性病变，评估它们在其他肿瘤性病变中的相对频率。
我们对1968年1月至1982年12月所有经解剖病理学诊断的眼眶肿瘤进行了统计分析，将眼眶肿瘤的频率与该实验室在5年期间诊断的肿瘤总数进行比较。
15年间共诊断出82例累及眼眶的扩张性病变——其中17例（20.7%）发生在儿童（14岁及以下），其余65例（79.3%）发生在成人。儿童中视神经胶质瘤（6例中的4例，66.6%）、视网膜母细胞瘤（4例，100%）和横纹肌肉瘤（4例中的3例，75%）更为常见。儿童中较少见的疾病是视神经脑膜瘤、神经纤维瘤、炎性假瘤、慢性泪腺炎、神经瘤和慢性炎症过程。成人中基底细胞癌（18例）、鳞状细胞癌（12例）、脑膜瘤（10例）、脉络膜恶性黑色素瘤（3例）和泪腺肿瘤（7例）的病例较多。还诊断出起源于骨或血管结构的肿瘤、假瘤和眶内表皮样囊肿等。在该实验室1976年至1980年5年期间诊断的2639例肿瘤中，有22例眼眶肿瘤，占所有病例的0.8%。
对这些病变进行解剖病理学研究对于诊断和制定适当的治疗方法具有重要意义。累及眼眶的扩张性病变的发病率有助于对负责眼科疾病治疗的不同医疗服务进行流行病学特征描述。尽管与解剖病理学其他分支的诊断相比其频率较低，但眼病理学在过去几年中取得了显著发展，有助于更准确的诊断和更好地理解这些病变的发生机制。
