Zywiel Michael G, McGrath Mike S, Seyler Thorsten M, Marker David R, Bonutti Peter M, Mont Michael A
Center for Joint Preservation and Reconstruction, Rubin Institute for Advanced Orthopedics, Sinai Hospital of Baltimore, 2401 West Belvedere Avenue, Baltimore, MD 21215, USA.
Orthop Clin North Am. 2009 Apr;40(2):193-211. doi: 10.1016/j.ocl.2008.10.010.
Osteonecrosis of the knee is a debilitating disease that is poorly understood. Originally described as a single disorder, it encompasses three distinct conditions: spontaneous osteonecrosis of the knee (SPONK), secondary osteonecrosis of the knee, and post-arthroscopic osteonecrosis of the knee. This article reviews the current knowledge of these distinct conditions by describing their etiology, pathology, and pathogenesis, as well as their clinical and radiographic presentations. The various treatment options available for each condition are reviewed, with a discussion of their rationale and indications, and a summary of results with various techniques. A thorough understanding of these conditions and their distinguishing features is critical to selecting the best treatment option for an individual patient.
膝关节骨坏死是一种了解甚少的使人衰弱的疾病。最初被描述为单一病症，它涵盖三种不同情况：膝关节自发性骨坏死（SPONK）、膝关节继发性骨坏死和膝关节关节镜检查后骨坏死。本文通过描述其病因、病理和发病机制以及临床和影像学表现，综述了对这些不同情况的当前认识。对每种情况可用的各种治疗选择进行了综述，讨论了其原理和适应症，并总结了各种技术的结果。全面了解这些情况及其区别特征对于为个体患者选择最佳治疗方案至关重要。
