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选择性定向遗忘效应:人们能否仅遗忘文本的一部分?

The selective directed forgetting effect: can people forget only part of a text?

作者信息

Delaney Peter F, Nghiem Khanh N, Waldum Emily R

机构信息

Department of Psychology, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27402-6170, USA.

出版信息

Q J Exp Psychol (Hove). 2009 Aug;62(8):1542-50. doi: 10.1080/17470210902770049. Epub 2009 Apr 11.

Abstract

Participants studied sentences describing two different characters and then were told to forget the sentences about only one of the characters. A second list contained sentences attributed to a third character. Subsequently, they received a recall test on the sentences about the original two characters. When the sentences could be thematically integrated, participants showed no directed forgetting relative to a control group that was never told to forget. However, with unrelated sentences, participants selectively forgot the target character's sentences without forgetting the other character's sentences. This selective directed forgetting effect is a novel empirical result. We interpret the results as consistent with Radvansky's (1999) ideas about inhibition with textual materials.

摘要

参与者研究了描述两个不同角色的句子,然后被告知只需忘记关于其中一个角色的句子。第二组句子列表包含了归属于第三个角色的句子。随后,他们接受了关于原来两个角色的句子的回忆测试。当句子能够进行主题整合时,与从未被告知要忘记的控制组相比,参与者没有表现出定向遗忘。然而,对于不相关的句子,参与者选择性地忘记了目标角色的句子,而没有忘记另一个角色的句子。这种选择性定向遗忘效应是一个新的实证结果。我们认为这些结果与拉德万斯基(1999年)关于文本材料抑制的观点一致。

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