Kliegl Oliver, Pastötter Bernhard, Bäuml Karl-Heinz T
Department of Psychology, Regensburg University, Regensburg, Germany.
Department of Psychology, University of Trier, Trier, Germany.
Front Psychol. 2020 Jul 31;11:1403. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01403. eCollection 2020.
Prior work reported evidence that when people are presented with both a relatively short list of relevant information and a relatively short list of irrelevant information, a subsequent cue to forget the irrelevant list can induce successful selective directed forgetting of the irrelevant list without any forgetting of the relevant list. The goal of the present study is to determine whether this selectivity effect is restricted to short lists of information (six items per list), or if the effect generalizes to longer lists (12 items per list). In Experiment 1, we replicate the finding that selective directed forgetting can occur when short lists of relevant and irrelevant information are involved. Going beyond this replication, we show in Experiment 2 that such selectivity can arise both when shorter and when relatively long lists of items are used. The results are consistent with the view that selective directed forgetting can result from the action of a flexible inhibitory mechanism. They are less well in line with the view that selective cues to forget pre-cue information induce a change in participants' mental context.
当向人们呈现一份相对较短的相关信息列表和一份相对较短的无关信息列表时，随后一个忘记无关列表的提示能够成功地诱导对无关列表的选择性定向遗忘，而不会对相关列表产生任何遗忘。本研究的目的是确定这种选择性效应是否仅限于短信息列表（每份列表6个项目），或者该效应是否能推广到更长的列表（每份列表12个项目）。在实验1中，我们重复了这样的发现，即当涉及相关和无关信息的短列表时，选择性定向遗忘会发生。除了这个重复实验之外，我们在实验2中表明，当使用较短和相对较长的项目列表时，这种选择性都可能出现。这些结果与选择性定向遗忘可能源于灵活抑制机制作用的观点一致。它们不太符合这样的观点，即忘记提示前信息的选择性提示会引起参与者心理背景的变化。
