Dufva Martin
Technical University of Denmark, Kgs, Lyngby, Denmark.
Methods Mol Biol. 2009;529:1-22. doi: 10.1007/978-1-59745-538-1_1.
DNA microarrays can be used for large number of application where high-throughput is needed. The ability to probe a sample for hundred to million different molecules at once has made DNA microarray one of the fastest growing techniques since its introduction about 15 years ago. Microarray technology can be used for large scale genotyping, gene expression profiling, comparative genomic hybridization and resequencing among other applications. Microarray technology is a complex mixture of numerous technology and research fields such as mechanics, microfabrication, chemistry, DNA behaviour, microfluidics, enzymology, optics and bioinformatics. This chapter will give an introduction to each five basic steps in microarray technology that includes fabrication, target preparation, hybridization, detection and data analysis. Basic concepts and nomenclature used in the field of microarray technology and their relationships will also be explained.
DNA微阵列可用于大量需要高通量的应用。自大约15年前问世以来，能够一次性对样本中的数百至数百万种不同分子进行探测的能力，使DNA微阵列成为发展最快的技术之一。微阵列技术可用于大规模基因分型、基因表达谱分析、比较基因组杂交和重测序等其他应用。微阵列技术是众多技术和研究领域的复杂组合，如机械学、微制造、化学、DNA行为、微流体学、酶学、光学和生物信息学。本章将介绍微阵列技术的五个基本步骤，包括制造、靶标制备、杂交、检测和数据分析。还将解释微阵列技术领域中使用的基本概念和术语及其相互关系。
