Wasilewska Jolanta, Kaczmarski Maciej, Protas Piotr T, Kowalczuk-Krystoń Monika, Mazan Barbara, Topczewska Magdalena
Department of Pediatrics, Gastroenterology and Allergic Diseases, Medical University of Bialystok, Poland.
Pol Merkur Lekarski. 2009 Mar;26(153):188-93.
Allergic diseases have a significant impact on the quality of life. The aim of the study was to compare sleep parameters of allergic and non-allergic children.
Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire was used to asses sleep quality in 202 participants in a 3-year prospective study: in 122 hospitalized (mean age 7.9 +/- 4.7) (F/M 75/47) due to allergic (n = 70) or non-allergic disease (n = 52), and in 80 healthy children (mean age 6.3 +/- 5.0) (F/M 36/44). Of 70 allergic participants, 26 had atopic dermatitis (SCORAD > or = 20); 25 were with bronchial asthma (GINA' criteria) and 19 with IgE-dependent food allergy confirmed by oral food challenge. Of 52 non-allergic patients, 31 children had gastro-esophageal reflux disease and 21 children had recurrent respiratory infection.
The group of patients needed significantly more time to fall asleep than controls (17.9 +/- 13.7 vs 12.8 +/- 8.5 min; p < 0.004). Children with food allergy and atopic dermatitis had greatest problems with falling asleep (21.4 +/- 13.8 vs 12.8 +/- 8.5 min; p < 0.006) and 20.4 +/- 14.9 vs 12.8 +/- 8.5 min; p < 0.024). The number of nights of sound sleep without waking up was lower in the study group than in controls (3.5 +/- 2.6 vs 5.0 +/- 2.7; p < 0.0002). Atopic dermatitis and food allergy were found to predispose to sleep disruption most. Snoring history was revealed in 43.4% of patients and in 6.4% of controls (p < 0.0001), being significantly more common in children with bronchial asthma and recurrent respiratory tract infections. Allergic disease was a risk factor for snoring (OR--2.94; 95%CI--1.72-5.05; p < 0.001). As many as 91% of parents did not inform doctors about poor sleep of their children.
过敏性疾病对生活质量有重大影响。本研究的目的是比较过敏和非过敏儿童的睡眠参数。
在一项为期3年的前瞻性研究中，使用儿童睡眠问卷评估202名参与者的睡眠质量：122名住院儿童（平均年龄7.9±4.7岁）（男/女75/47），其中因过敏性疾病（n = 70）或非过敏性疾病（n = 52）住院，以及80名健康儿童（平均年龄6.3±5.0岁）（男/女36/44）。在70名过敏参与者中，26名患有特应性皮炎（SCORAD≥20）；25名患有支气管哮喘（符合GINA标准），19名经口服食物激发试验确诊为IgE依赖型食物过敏。在52名非过敏患者中，31名儿童患有胃食管反流病，21名儿童患有反复呼吸道感染。
患者组入睡所需时间明显比对照组多（17.9±13.7分钟对12.8±8.5分钟；p < 0.004）。食物过敏和特应性皮炎患儿入睡困难问题最大（21.4±13.8分钟对12.8±8.5分钟；p < 0.006）以及20.4±14.9分钟对12.8±8.5分钟；p < 0.024）。研究组无觉醒的安稳睡眠夜数比对照组少（3.5±2.6对5.0±2.7；p < 0.0002）。发现特应性皮炎和食物过敏最易导致睡眠中断。43.4%的患者有打鼾史，而对照组为6.4%（p < 0.0001），在支气管哮喘和反复呼吸道感染患儿中更常见。过敏性疾病是打鼾的危险因素（比值比——2.94；95%置信区间——1.72 - 5.05；p < 0.001）。多达91%的家长未告知医生其孩子睡眠不佳的情况。
