Faunce Thomas Alured, Nasu Hitoshi
ANU College of Law, The Australian National University, Canberra ACT 0200, Australia.
J Med Philos. 2009 Jun;34(3):296-321. doi: 10.1093/jmp/jhp021. Epub 2009 Apr 23.
The United Nations Scientific, Education, and Cultural Organization Universal Declaration on Bioethics and Human Rights (UDBHR) expresses in its title and substance a controversial linkage of two normative systems: international human rights law and bioethics. The UDBHR has the status of what is known as a "nonbinding" declaration under public international law. The UDBHR's foundation within bioethics (and association, e.g., with virtue-based or principlist bioethical theories) is more problematic. Nonetheless, the UDBHR contains socially important principles of technology transfer and transnational benefit (articles 14, 15, and 21). This paper is one of the first to explore how the disciplines of bioethics and international human rights law may interact in the UDBHR to advance the policy relevance and health impact of such principles. It investigates their normative ancestry in the UDBHR, as well as relevant conceptual differences between bioethics and public international law in this respect, and how these may be relevant to their conceptual evolution and application.
联合国教科文组织《生物伦理与人类权利世界宣言》（UDBHR）在其标题和内容中表达了两个规范体系之间存在争议的联系：国际人权法和生物伦理。根据国际公法，UDBHR具有所谓“无约束力”宣言的地位。UDBHR在生物伦理中的基础（以及与基于美德或原则主义生物伦理理论等的关联）则更具问题。尽管如此，UDBHR包含了技术转让和跨国利益方面具有社会重要性的原则（第14、15和21条）。本文是最早探讨生物伦理学科与国际人权法如何在UDBHR中相互作用以提升此类原则的政策相关性和健康影响的文章之一。它研究了这些原则在UDBHR中的规范渊源，以及生物伦理与国际公法在这方面的相关概念差异，以及这些差异如何可能与它们的概念演变和应用相关。
