Morewedge Carey K, Kassam Karim S, Hsee Christopher K, Caruso Eugene M
Department of Social and Decision Sciences, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
J Exp Psychol Gen. 2009 May;138(2):177-86. doi: 10.1037/a0015219.
When people are asked to assess or compare the value of experienced or hypothetical events, one of the most intriguing observations is their apparent insensitivity to event duration. The authors propose that duration insensitivity occurs when stimuli are evaluated in isolation because they typically lack comparison information. People should be able to evaluate the duration of stimuli in isolation, however, when stimuli are familiar and evoke comparison information. The results of 3 experiments support the hypothesis. Participants were insensitive to the duration of hypothetical (Experiment 1) and real (Experiment 2) unfamiliar experiences but sensitive to the duration of familiar experiences. In Experiment 3, participants were insensitive to the duration of an unfamiliar noise when it was unlabeled but sensitive to its duration when it was given a familiar label (i.e., a telephone ring). Rather than being a unique phenomenon, duration neglect (and perhaps other forms of scope insensitivity) appears to be a particular case of insensitivity to unfamiliar attributes.
当人们被要求评估或比较实际经历过的或假设的事件的价值时，最引人注目的观察结果之一是他们对事件持续时间明显不敏感。作者提出，当孤立地评估刺激时，就会出现持续时间不敏感，因为它们通常缺乏比较信息。然而，当刺激是熟悉的并唤起比较信息时，人们应该能够孤立地评估刺激的持续时间。3项实验的结果支持了这一假设。参与者对假设的（实验1）和实际的（实验2）不熟悉经历的持续时间不敏感，但对熟悉经历的持续时间敏感。在实验3中，当未标记时，参与者对不熟悉噪音的持续时间不敏感，但当给它一个熟悉的标签（即电话铃声）时，他们对其持续时间敏感。持续时间忽视（也许还有其他形式的范围不敏感）似乎不是一种独特的现象，而是对不熟悉属性不敏感的一个特殊情况。
