Niedelman M
J Learn Disabil. 1991 Jun-Jul;24(6):322-9. doi: 10.1177/002221949102400601.
Problem solving is an important yet elusive educational goal. This article briefly reviews the research on the components of problem solving and two mechanisms for fostering the transfer of problem-solving strategies--low-road transfer and high-road transfer. The interactions between these two mechanisms and two types of content (domain-specific knowledge and higher order thinking) are then discussed. Exploratory research on one of the interactions (low-road transfer of higher-order thinking) is summarized, with a particular focus on the performance of students with disabilities. Finally, some implications for curriculum and instruction are outlined.
解决问题是一个重要却难以实现的教育目标。本文简要回顾了关于解决问题的组成部分以及促进解决问题策略迁移的两种机制——低路迁移和高路迁移的研究。然后讨论了这两种机制与两种类型的内容（特定领域知识和高阶思维）之间的相互作用。总结了对其中一种相互作用（高阶思维的低路迁移）的探索性研究，特别关注了残疾学生的表现。最后概述了对课程与教学的一些启示。
