DiLorenzo T M, Welton G L, McCalla T L, Finger W W, Brownson R C, Van Tuinen M
Department of Psychology, University of Missouri, Columbia 65211.
J Behav Med. 1991 Aug;14(4):397-407. doi: 10.1007/BF00845115.
The present study was designed to compare school personnel's (i.e., principals, counselors, teachers) estimates of student substance use with student self-reported data. Comparisons were made in 78 schools between 5431 student self-reports of tobacco, alcohol, and drug use and 170 school personnel's estimates of student substance use. The results indicated that a significant number of school personnel were unable to estimate student substance use. Personnel who did provide estimates typically underestimated the degree of substance use, in comparison to student self-reported substance use. School personnel did not significantly overestimate use in comparison to student self-reported substance use for any substance in any grade or geographic area. It is suggested that school personnel may resist the adoption of prevention programs because of a perceived lack of need due to underestimation of the substance use problem.
本研究旨在比较学校工作人员（即校长、辅导员、教师）对学生物质使用情况的估计与学生自我报告的数据。在78所学校中，对5431名学生关于烟草、酒精和药物使用的自我报告与170名学校工作人员对学生物质使用情况的估计进行了比较。结果表明，相当数量的学校工作人员无法估计学生的物质使用情况。与学生自我报告的物质使用情况相比，提供估计的工作人员通常低估了物质使用的程度。在任何年级或地理区域，与学生自我报告的物质使用情况相比，学校工作人员对任何物质的使用都没有明显高估。有人认为，由于低估了物质使用问题，学校工作人员可能会觉得没有必要采用预防方案，从而抵制这些方案的采用。
