Conces D J, Tarver R D
Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis.
J Thorac Imaging. 1991 Sep;6(4):53-9. doi: 10.1097/00005382-199109000-00012.
Infectious and malignant disease processes are responsible for most pulmonary abnormalities seen in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). There are, however, a number of noninfectious and nonmalignant disorders that can involve the lungs of these individuals. Nonspecific interstitial pneumonitis and lymphocytic interstitial pneumonitis may mimic opportunistic infections both clinically and radiographically. Congestive cardiomyopathy may develop and result in pulmonary edema. Other disorders such as alveolar proteinosis and desquamative interstitial pneumonitis are also reported. Bronchoalveolar lavage, a diagnostic technique frequently employed in AIDS patients, may itself produce pulmonary opacities. Knowledge of these disorders may aid in the evaluation of AIDS patients for whom an infectious etiology for pulmonary abnormalities cannot be found.
感染性和恶性疾病进程是获得性免疫缺陷综合征（AIDS）患者出现的大多数肺部异常的原因。然而，有许多非感染性和非恶性疾病也可累及这些患者的肺部。非特异性间质性肺炎和淋巴细胞性间质性肺炎在临床和影像学上可能类似于机会性感染。充血性心肌病可能发展并导致肺水肿。也有其他疾病的报道，如肺泡蛋白沉积症和脱屑性间质性肺炎。支气管肺泡灌洗是AIDS患者常用的一种诊断技术，其本身可能会产生肺部混浊。了解这些疾病可能有助于评估那些肺部异常找不到感染病因的AIDS患者。
