Munafò Marcus R, Tilling Kate, Ben-Shlomo Yoav
Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Bristol, 12a Priory Road, Bristol BS8 1TU, UK.
Nicotine Tob Res. 2009 Jun;11(6):765-71. doi: 10.1093/ntr/ntp062. Epub 2009 May 14.
The general consensus is that smoking cessation leads to some degree of weight gain, although considerable disagreement remains regarding the magnitude and duration of this gain.
We investigated the relationship between smoking status and change in body mass index (BMI) over time in a cohort of male participants recruited for a study of cardiovascular risk factors and assessed at multiple timepoints. We further investigated whether calorie consumption, recorded using food frequency questionnaires, mediated any effect of smoking cessation on change in BMI.
Our results indicate that never-smokers and ex-smokers differ in BMI from current smokers by an average of 1.6 kg/m2, based on a comparison at baseline. Moreover, smoking cessation between timepoints is associated with a corresponding average increase in BMI of 1.6 kg/m2.
These results suggest that when cigarette smokers achieve long-term abstinence, they revert to a mean BMI roughly equivalent to that of never-smokers. Perhaps surprisingly, this difference in BMI was not substantially attenuated following adjustment for calorie and alcohol consumption, suggesting that the effects of smoking cessation on BMI are not mediated entirely by changes in dietary or alcohol consumption behavior.
普遍的共识是戒烟会导致一定程度的体重增加，尽管对于这种体重增加的幅度和持续时间仍存在相当大的分歧。
我们在一组因心血管危险因素研究而招募的男性参与者队列中，调查了吸烟状况与体重指数（BMI）随时间变化之间的关系，并在多个时间点进行了评估。我们进一步调查了使用食物频率问卷记录的卡路里摄入量是否介导了戒烟对BMI变化的任何影响。
我们的结果表明，根据基线时的比较，从不吸烟者和已戒烟者的BMI与当前吸烟者相比平均相差1.6kg/m²。此外，时间点之间的戒烟与BMI相应平均增加1.6kg/m²相关。
这些结果表明，当吸烟者实现长期戒烟时，他们的平均BMI会恢复到大致与从不吸烟者相当的水平。也许令人惊讶的是，在对卡路里和酒精摄入量进行调整后，这种BMI差异并未大幅减弱，这表明戒烟对BMI的影响并非完全由饮食或饮酒行为的变化介导。
