Section of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Division of Public Health and Population Sciences, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut 06030-6210, USA.
Am J Ind Med. 2010 Feb;53(2):153-62. doi: 10.1002/ajim.20706.
Work characteristics and maternal education have both been associated with low birth weight (LBW) delivery. We sought to examine the relative contribution of these two factors to LBW delivery and determine whether ethnic/racial differentials in educational attainment and work characteristics might play a role in well-described disparities in LBW.
Scores for work substantive complexity (SC) derived from the O*NET were imputed to maternal occupation for Connecticut singleton births in 2000. Risks for LBW were estimated separately for black, Hispanic, and white mothers using logistic regression controlling for maternal covariates.
Using white mothers as a referent, working is associated with reduced LBW risk in black mothers compared to those not in work (OR 2.06 vs. 3.07). LBW in working black women was strongly associated with less that a high school education (OR 4.80, 95% CI 1.68-13.7), and with low work SC in blacks in those with a college education or greater (OR 4.48, 95% CI 1.24-16.2). Examination of work SC scores, controlling for age and educational level, showed lower values for blacks; increased work SC was seen in Hispanics after adjustment for lower educational attainment. A decrease in risk for LBW was seen in black mothers, compared with whites, as work SC increased. By contrast, college-educated black mothers had a greater risk for LBW than those with high school or some college education.
Maternal employment and work in a job with greater SC were associated with a reduced risk of LBW in black mothers. Improved LBW risk was also seen with employment in Hispanics. Low work SC in those with higher educational attainment was strongly associated with LBW in blacks, but not whites or Hispanics. Education/work mismatch may play a role in racial disparities in birth outcomes.
工作特征和母亲的受教育程度都与低出生体重（LBW）分娩有关。我们试图检查这两个因素对 LBW 分娩的相对贡献，并确定教育程度和工作特征方面的种族/民族差异是否在描述明确的 LBW 差异中发挥作用。
从 O*NET 中得出的工作实质性复杂性（SC）分数被推断为 2000 年康涅狄格州单胎出生母亲的职业。使用 logistic 回归控制母体协变量，分别为黑人、西班牙裔和白人母亲估计 LBW 的风险。
与白人母亲作为参照相比，与不工作的黑人母亲相比，工作与降低 LBW 风险相关（OR 2.06 对 3.07）。工作的黑人女性的 LBW 与未完成高中学业高度相关（OR 4.80，95%CI 1.68-13.7），并且在具有大学学历或更高学历的黑人中，低工作 SC 与 LBW 相关（OR 4.48，95%CI 1.24-16.2）。在控制年龄和教育水平的情况下，检查工作 SC 分数，显示黑人的分数较低；调整教育程度较低后，西班牙裔的工作 SC 增加。与白人母亲相比，黑人母亲的 LBW 风险降低。相比之下，与具有高中学历或大专学历的母亲相比，受过大学教育的黑人母亲 LBW 的风险更高。
黑人母亲的就业和从事高 SC 工作与 LBW 风险降低有关。西班牙裔的就业也与 LBW 风险降低有关。具有较高教育程度的人工作 SC 较低，与黑人 LBW 强烈相关，但与白人或西班牙裔无关。教育/工作不匹配可能在出生结果的种族差异中起作用。
