Rocheleau Carissa M, Bertke Stephen J, Lawson Christina C, Romitti Paul A, Desrosiers Tania A, Agopian A J, Bell Erin, Gilboa Suzanne M
Division of Surveillance, Hazard Evaluations, and Field Studies, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cincinnati, Ohio.
Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa.
Am J Ind Med. 2017 Apr;60(4):329-341. doi: 10.1002/ajim.22700.
Potential confounding or effect modification by employment status is frequently overlooked in pregnancy outcome studies.
To characterize how employed and non-employed women differ, we compared demographics, behaviors, and reproductive histories by maternal employment status for 8,343 mothers of control (non-malformed) infants in the National Birth Defects Prevention Study (1997-2007) and developed a multivariable model for employment status anytime during pregnancy and the 3 months before conception.
Sixteen factors were independently associated with employment before or during pregnancy, including: maternal age, pre-pregnancy body mass index, pregnancy intention, periconceptional/first trimester smoking and alcohol consumption, and household income.
Employment status was significantly associated with many common risk factors for adverse pregnancy outcomes. Pregnancy outcome studies should consider adjustment or stratification by employment status. In studies of occupational exposures, these differences may cause uncontrollable confounding if non-employed women are treated as unexposed instead of excluded from analysis. Am. J. Ind. Med. 60:329-341, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
在妊娠结局研究中，就业状况可能产生的混杂或效应修正常常被忽视。
为了描述就业女性和未就业女性的差异，我们根据国家出生缺陷预防研究（1997 - 2007年）中8343名对照（无畸形）婴儿的母亲的就业状况，比较了人口统计学、行为和生育史，并建立了一个多变量模型，用于分析孕期任何时候以及受孕前3个月的就业状况。
16个因素与孕期或孕前就业独立相关，包括：母亲年龄、孕前体重指数、怀孕意愿、受孕期间/孕早期吸烟和饮酒情况以及家庭收入。
就业状况与许多不良妊娠结局的常见风险因素显著相关。妊娠结局研究应考虑按就业状况进行调整或分层。在职业暴露研究中，如果将未就业女性视为未暴露而非排除在分析之外，这些差异可能会导致无法控制的混杂。《美国工业医学杂志》60:329 - 341，2017年。©2017威利期刊公司。
