Evolution and Ecology Research Centre, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
Environ Pollut. 2009 Oct;157(10):2853-64. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2009.04.007. Epub 2009 May 15.
Recent research suggests anthropogenic disturbance may disproportionately advantage non-indigenous species (NIS), aiding their establishment within impacted environments. This study used novel laboratory- and field-based toxicity testing to determine whether non-indigenous and native bryozoans (common within marine epibenthic communities worldwide) displayed differential tolerance to the common marine pollutant copper (Cu). In laboratory assays on adult colonies, NIS showed remarkable tolerance to Cu, with strong post-exposure recovery and growth. In contrast, native species displayed negative growth and reduced feeding efficiency across most exposure levels. Field transplant experiments supported laboratory findings, with NIS growing faster under Cu conditions. In field-based larval assays, NIS showed strong recruitment and growth in the presence of Cu relative to the native species. We suggest that strong selective pressures exerted by the toxic antifouling paints used on transport vectors (vessels), combined with metal contamination in estuarine environments, may result in metal tolerant NIS advantaged by anthropogenically modified selection regimes.
最近的研究表明，人为干扰可能不成比例地有利于非本地物种（NIS），帮助它们在受影响的环境中建立。本研究使用新颖的实验室和现场毒性测试来确定非本地和本地苔藓动物（在全球海洋附着生物群落中很常见）是否对常见的海洋污染物铜（Cu）表现出不同的耐受性。在成年群体的实验室测定中，NIS 对 Cu 表现出显著的耐受性，具有强烈的暴露后恢复和生长。相比之下，在大多数暴露水平下，本地物种表现出负生长和降低的摄食效率。基于野外的幼虫测定实验支持了实验室的发现，即在 Cu 条件下，NIS 生长更快。在基于野外的幼虫测定实验中，与本地物种相比，NIS 在 Cu 存在下表现出强烈的招募和生长。我们认为，运输载体（船只）上使用的有毒防污漆所施加的强烈选择压力，加上河口环境中的金属污染，可能导致耐受金属的 NIS 受益于人为改变的选择机制。
