Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2009 Dec;259(8):491-8. doi: 10.1007/s00406-009-0019-z. Epub 2009 May 16.
The relationship between performance in neuropsychological tests and actual driving performance is unclear and results of studies on this topic differ. This makes it difficult to use neuropsychological tests to assess driving ability. The ability to compensate cognitive deficits plays a crucial role in this context. We compared neuropsychological test results and self-evaluation ratings between three groups: driving offenders with a psychiatric diagnosis relevant for driving ability (mainly alcohol dependence), driving offenders without such a diagnosis and a control group of non-offending drivers. Subjects were divided into two age categories (19-39 and 40-66 years). It was assumed that drivers with a psychiatric diagnosis relevant for driving ability and younger driving offenders without a psychiatric diagnosis would be less able to adequately assess their own capabilities than the control group. The driving offenders with a psychiatric diagnosis showed poorer concentration, reactivity, cognitive flexibility and problem solving, and tended to overassess their abilities in intelligence and attentional functions, compared to the other two groups. Conversely, younger drivers rather underassessed their performance.
神经心理学测试结果与实际驾驶表现之间的关系尚不清楚，且关于该主题的研究结果存在差异。这使得使用神经心理学测试来评估驾驶能力变得困难。在这种情况下，补偿认知缺陷的能力起着至关重要的作用。我们比较了三组的神经心理学测试结果和自我评估评分：有精神疾病诊断（主要为酒精依赖）与驾驶能力相关的驾驶违规者、无此类诊断的驾驶违规者和无违规行为的驾驶员对照组。受试者分为两个年龄组（19-39 岁和 40-66 岁）。假设与驾驶能力相关的精神疾病诊断的驾驶员和年龄较小的无精神疾病诊断的驾驶违规者，与对照组相比，他们对自己的能力评估不足。与其他两组相比，有精神疾病诊断的驾驶违规者的注意力、反应力、认知灵活性和解决问题的能力较差，且往往高估了他们在智力和注意力功能方面的能力。相反，年轻的驾驶员则对自己的表现评估不足。
