Rowson Steven, Brolinson Gunnar, Goforth Mike, Dietter Dave, Duma Stefan
Center for Injury Biomechanics, Department of Sports Medicine, Virginia Tech-Wake Forest, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.
J Biomech Eng. 2009 Jun;131(6):061016. doi: 10.1115/1.3130454.
Each year, between 1.6x10(6) and 3.8x10(6) concussions are sustained by athletes playing sports, with football having the highest incidence. The high number of concussions in football provides a unique opportunity to collect biomechanical data to characterize mild traumatic brain injury. Human head acceleration data for a range of impact severities were collected by instrumenting the helmets of collegiate football players with accelerometers. The helmets of ten Virginia Tech football players were instrumented with measurement devices for every game and practice for the 2007 football season. The measurement devices recorded linear and angular accelerations about each of the three axes of the head. Data for each impact were downloaded wirelessly to a sideline data collection system shortly after each impact occurred. Data were collected for 1712 impacts, creating a large and unbiased data set. While a majority of the impacts were of relatively low severity (<30 g and <2000 rad/s2), 172 impacts were greater than 40 g and 143 impacts were greater than 3000 rad/s2. No instrumented player sustained a clinically diagnosed concussion during the 2007 season. A large and unbiased data set was compiled by instrumenting the helmets of collegiate football players. Football provides a unique opportunity to collect head acceleration data of varying severity from human volunteers. The addition of concurrent concussive data may advance the understanding of the mechanics of mild traumatic brain injury. With an increased understanding of the biomechanics of head impacts in collegiate football and human tolerance to head acceleration, better equipment can be designed to prevent head injuries.
每年，从事体育运动的运动员会遭受160万至380万次脑震荡，其中足球运动的发病率最高。足球运动中脑震荡的高发为收集生物力学数据以表征轻度创伤性脑损伤提供了独特的机会。通过在大学橄榄球运动员的头盔上安装加速度计，收集了一系列撞击严重程度下的人体头部加速度数据。在2007年橄榄球赛季的每场比赛和训练中，对弗吉尼亚理工大学的十名橄榄球运动员的头盔都安装了测量设备。这些测量设备记录了头部三个轴向上的线性和角加速度。每次撞击发生后不久，每个撞击的数据就会通过无线方式下载到边线数据收集系统中。共收集了1712次撞击的数据，创建了一个庞大且无偏差的数据集。虽然大多数撞击的严重程度相对较低（<30g和<2000rad/s²），但有172次撞击超过40g，143次撞击超过3000rad/s²。在2007赛季，没有佩戴仪器的球员遭受临床诊断的脑震荡。通过在大学橄榄球运动员的头盔上安装仪器，汇编了一个庞大且无偏差的数据集。橄榄球运动为从人类志愿者身上收集不同严重程度的头部加速度数据提供了独特的机会。同时添加脑震荡数据可能会促进对轻度创伤性脑损伤机制的理解。随着对大学橄榄球运动中头部撞击生物力学以及人体对头部加速度耐受性的进一步了解，可以设计出更好的设备来预防头部受伤。
