Hosoki Maki, Bando Eiichi, Asaoka Kenzo, Takeuchi Hisahiro, Nishigawa Keisuke
Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan.
Biomed Mater Eng. 2009;19(1):53-61. doi: 10.3233/BME-2009-0563.
Some metallic materials in dental prostheses may cause allergic hypersensitivity. Symptoms appear not only in the oral cavity, but also on hands, feet or the entire body. Release of metal ions is thought to cause the allergic reactions; micro-particles of the corrosion products of the metal and/or ionic metal hydroxides/oxides may be the allergens. The study purpose was to review clinical surveillance of dental allergic hypersensitivity in our dental hospital. From July 2000 to June 2005, 212 patients with suspected dental metal allergy were patch tested with 26 reagents, including 19 ready-made patch test reagents (Patch test reagents, Torii Pharmaceutical Corporation, Tokyo, Japan) and 9 custom-made reagents. One-hundred-and-sixty-seven patients were females (78.8%) and 45 patients were males (21.2%). A total of 148 patients (69.8%) had one or more positive patch test reactions. The most common allergens were nickel (25.0%), palladium (24.4%), chromium (16.7%), cobalt (15.9%) and stannum (12.5%). Typical allergic symptoms and diagnoses were Pustulosis palmaris et plantaris, lichen planus, stomatitis and contact dermatitis. This study indicates that dentists and dental researchers should be concerned about the allergenic potential of dental metal materials.
牙科修复体中的一些金属材料可能会引起过敏性超敏反应。症状不仅出现在口腔，还会出现在手、脚或全身。金属离子的释放被认为会引发过敏反应；金属腐蚀产物的微粒和/或离子态金属氢氧化物/氧化物可能是过敏原。本研究的目的是回顾我院牙科过敏性超敏反应的临床监测情况。2000年7月至2005年6月，对212例疑似牙科金属过敏患者用26种试剂进行了斑贴试验，其中包括19种现成的斑贴试验试剂（斑贴试验试剂，日本东京鸟居制药公司）和9种定制试剂。167例患者为女性（78.8%），45例患者为男性（21.2%）。共有148例患者（69.8%）斑贴试验反应呈阳性。最常见的过敏原是镍（25.0%）、钯（24.4%）、铬（16.7%）、钴（15.9%）和锡（12.5%）。典型的过敏症状和诊断为掌跖脓疱病、扁平苔藓、口腔炎和接触性皮炎。本研究表明，牙医和牙科研究人员应关注牙科金属材料的致敏潜力。
