Kuperman Victor, Schreuder Robert, Bertram Raymond, Baayen R Harald
Department of Linguistics, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform. 2009 Jun;35(3):876-95. doi: 10.1037/a0013484.
This article reports an eye-tracking experiment with 2,500 polymorphemic Dutch compounds presented in isolation for visual lexical decision while readers' eye movements were registered. The authors found evidence that both full forms of compounds (dishwasher) and their constituent morphemes (e.g., dish, washer) and morphological families of constituents (sets of compounds with a shared constituent) played a role in compound processing. They observed simultaneous effects of compound frequency, left constituent frequency, and family size early (i.e., before the whole compound has been scanned) and also observed effects of right constituent frequency and family size that emerged after the compound frequency effect. The temporal order of these and other observed effects goes against assumptions of many models of lexical processing. The authors propose specifications for a new multiple-route model of polymorphemic compound processing that is based on time-locked, parallel, and interactive use of all morphological cues as soon as they become even partly available to the visual uptake system.
本文报告了一项眼动追踪实验，实验中呈现了2500个多语素荷兰复合词，让读者在进行视觉词汇判断时孤立地阅读这些词，同时记录他们的眼动情况。作者发现，复合词的完整形式（如洗碗机）及其组成语素（如盘子、洗碗机）以及组成语素的形态家族（具有共享组成部分的复合词集合）在复合词处理过程中都发挥了作用。他们观察到，复合词频率、左组成部分频率和家族规模的影响在早期（即在整个复合词被扫描之前）同时出现，还观察到右组成部分频率和家族规模的影响在复合词频率效应之后出现。这些以及其他观察到的效应的时间顺序与许多词汇处理模型的假设相悖。作者提出了一种新的多语素复合词处理多路径模型的规范，该模型基于所有形态线索一旦部分可供视觉摄取系统使用，就进行时间锁定、并行和交互式使用。
