Barnard Amanda S, Young Neil P, Kirkland Angus I, van Huis Marijn A, Xu Huifang
CSIRO Materials Science & Engineering, Clayton, Australia.
ACS Nano. 2009 Jun 23;3(6):1431-6. doi: 10.1021/nn900220k.
The development of the next generation of nanotechnologies requires precise control of the size, shape, and structure of individual components in a variety of chemical and engineering environments. This includes synthesis, storage, operational environments and, since these products will ultimately be discarded, their interaction with natural ecosystems. Much of the important information that determines these properties is contained within nanoscale phase diagrams, but quantitative phase maps that include surface effects and critical diameter (along with temperature and pressure) remain elusive. Here we present the first quantitative equilibrium phase map for gold nanoparticles together with experimental verification, based on relativistic ab initio thermodynamics and in situ high-resolution electron microscopy at elevated temperatures.
下一代纳米技术的发展需要在各种化学和工程环境中精确控制单个组件的尺寸、形状和结构。这包括合成、储存、操作环境，而且由于这些产品最终会被丢弃，还包括它们与自然生态系统的相互作用。决定这些特性的许多重要信息都包含在纳米级相图中，但包含表面效应和临界直径（以及温度和压力）的定量相图仍然难以获得。在此，我们基于相对论性第一性原理热力学以及高温下的原位高分辨率电子显微镜，展示了首个金纳米颗粒的定量平衡相图及其实验验证。
