Paull D R, Lee C, Colditz I G, Fisher A D
CSIRO FD McMaster Laboratory, Armidale, NSE, Australia.
Aust Vet J. 2009 Jun;87(6):230-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1751-0813.2009.00429.x.
To determine the effectiveness of a topical anaesthetic formulation (Tri-Solfen) with or without the administration of a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (carprofen) on the pain and distress response associated with ring or surgical castration of ram lambs.
Merino ram lambs (n = 78) were allocated to 10 treatment groups: 4 groups of knife-castrated lambs and 4 groups of ring-castrated lambs received carprofen (4 mg/kg SC) and Tri-Solfen; 2 control groups (sham) received carprofen at 0 or 4 mg/kg SC. Measurements included plasma cortisol and haptoglobin concentrations, haematology, and behaviour, including posture.
Knife-castrated lambs had higher peak cortisol and integrated cortisol responses for the first 6 h after treatment and greater concentration s of circulating acute phase proteins than ring-castrated lambs, both of which were significantly different from the sham controls. Tri-Solfen applied to the knife castration wound significantly reduced both the peak plasma cortisol concentration and the integrated cortisol response for the first 6 h and improved lying behaviour in the first 12 h. Carprofen reduced the cortisol response to knife castration at 30 min, but elevated the cortisol responses at 24 and 48 h. Carprofen nearly halved the number of acute pain behaviours associated with ring castration. There were no significant additive or synergistic effects from combining the analgesic treatments. Tri-Solfen applied to the tail wound provided no detectible benefits during ring castration + tail docking.
The physiological and behavioural responses suggest that ring castration has less impact on the lamb than knife castration. The specific analgesic treatments can provide modest amelioration of the pain and discomfort associated with castration. Alternative doses or application methods may enhance their efficacy.
确定一种局部麻醉制剂（Tri-Solfen）在使用或不使用非甾体抗炎药（卡洛芬）的情况下，对与去势环或手术阉割公羔羊相关的疼痛和应激反应的有效性。
将美利奴公羔羊（n = 78）分配到10个治疗组：4组手术阉割羔羊和4组去势环阉割羔羊接受卡洛芬（4 mg/kg皮下注射）和Tri-Solfen；2个对照组（假手术组）接受0或4 mg/kg皮下注射的卡洛芬。测量指标包括血浆皮质醇和触珠蛋白浓度、血液学指标以及行为，包括姿势。
手术阉割的羔羊在治疗后的前6小时具有更高的皮质醇峰值和综合皮质醇反应，并且循环急性期蛋白浓度高于去势环阉割的羔羊，这两者均与假手术对照组有显著差异。将Tri-Solfen应用于手术阉割伤口可显著降低血浆皮质醇峰值浓度和前6小时的综合皮质醇反应，并改善前12小时的躺卧行为。卡洛芬在30分钟时降低了对手术阉割的皮质醇反应，但在24和48小时时升高了皮质醇反应。卡洛芬使与去势环阉割相关的急性疼痛行为数量几乎减半。联合使用镇痛治疗没有显著的相加或协同作用。在去势环阉割+断尾过程中，将Tri-Solfen应用于尾部伤口未发现明显益处。
生理和行为反应表明，去势环比手术阉割对公羔羊的影响更小。特定的镇痛治疗可以适度减轻与阉割相关的疼痛和不适。替代剂量或应用方法可能会提高其疗效。
